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Adidas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Please improve this article if you can. The talk page may contain suggestions. (November 2010) Adidas AG Type Aktiengesellschaft Traded as FWB: ADS, Pink Sheets: ADDYY Industry Clothing and consumer goods manufacture Founded 1924 as Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik
(registered in 1949)[1] Founder(s) Adolf Dassler Headquarters Herzogenaurach, Germany Area served Worldwide Key people Herbert Hainer (CEO)
Robin Stalker (CFO)
Erich Stamminger (CEO, Adidas Brand)
Igor Landau (Chairman of the supervisory board) Products Footwear, sportswear, sports equipment, toiletries Revenue €11.99 billion (2010)[2] Operating income €894 million (2010)[2] Profit €567 million (2010)[2] Total assets €10.62 billion (end 2010)[2] Total equity €4.616 billion (end 2010)[2] Employees 42,540 (end 2010)[2] Website adidas-group.com Adidas AG is a German sports apparel manufacturer and parent company of the Adidas Group, which consists of the Reebok sportswear company, golf company (including Ashworth), and Rockport. Besides sports footwear, the company also produces other products such as bags, shirts, watches, eyewear and other sports and clothing-related goods. The company is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe and the second biggest sportswear manufacturer in the world, after its American rival Nike.[3]
Adidas was founded in 1948 by Adolf "Adi" Dassler, following the split of Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik between him and his older brother, Rudolf. Rudolf later established Puma, which was the early rival of Adidas. Registered in 1949, Adidas is currently based in Herzogenaurach, Germany, along with Puma.
The company's clothing and shoe designs typically feature three parallel bars, and the same motif is incorporated into Adidas's current official logo. The "Three Stripes" were bought from the Finnish sport company Karhu Sports in 1951.[4][5] The company revenue for 2009 was listed at €10.38 billion and the 2008 figure at €10.80 billion.
1 History 1.1 Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik 1.2 Company split 1.3 The Tapie affair 1.4 Post—Tapie era 2 Products 2.1 Running 2.2 Football (soccer) 2.3 Tennis 2.4 Golf 2.5 Cricket 2.6 Basketball 2.7 Lacrosse 2.8 Rugby 2.9 Gymnastics 2.10 Skateboarding 2.11 Accessories 3 Marketing 3.1 Game advertisement 3.2 Sponsorship 4 Corporate information 4.1 Current executive board 4.2 Former management 4.3 Financial information 5 Criticism 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links [edit] History [edit] Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik Adolf "Adi" Dassler started to produce his own sports shoes in his mother's wash kitchen in Herzogenaurach, Bavaria, after his return from World War I. On July 1, 1924, his brother Rudolf "Rudi" Dassler joined the business which became Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik (Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory) and prospered. The pair started the venture in their mother's laundry,[6]:5 but at the time, electricity supplies in the town were unreliable, and the brothers sometimes had to use pedal power from a stationary bicycle to run their equipment.[7]
By the 1936 Summer Olympics, Adi Dassler drove from Bavaria on one of the world's first motorways to the Olympic village with a suitcase full of spikes and persuaded U.S. sprinter Jesse Owens to use them, the first sponsorship for an African American. Following Owens's haul of four gold medals, his success cemented the good reputation of Dassler shoes among the world's most famous sportsmen. Letters from around the world landed on the brothers' desks, and the trainers of other national teams were all interested in their shoes. Business boomed and the Dasslers were selling 200,000 pairs of shoes each year before World War II.[8]
Late in World War II, the shoe factory shifted to production of the Panzerschreck anti-tank weapon.[9]
[edit] Company split Both brothers joined the Nazi Party, but Rudolf was slightly closer to the party. During the war, a growing rift between the pair reached a breaking point after an Allied bomb attack in 1943 when Adi and his wife climbed into a bomb shelter that Rudolf and his family were already in: "The dirty bastards are back again," Adi said, apparently referring to the Allied war planes, but Rudolf was convinced his brother meant him and his family.[10] After Rudolf was later picked up by American soldiers and accused of being a member of the Waffen SS, he was convinced that his brother had turned him in.[7]
The brothers split up in 1947,[11] with
Rudi forming a new firm that he called Ruda – from Rudolf Dassler, later rebranded Puma, and Adi forming a company formally registered as adidas AG from Adi Dassler on 18 August 1949. The acronym All Day I Dream About Sport, although sometimes considered the origin of the adidas name, was applied retroactively, which makes it a backronym. The name is actually a portmanteau formed from "Adi" (a nickname for Adolf) and "Das" (from "Dassler").[1] [edit] The Tapie affair This section needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2010) After a period of trouble following the death of Adolf Dassler's son Horst Dassler in 1987, the company was bought in 1989 by French industrialist Bernard Tapie, for ₣1.6 billion (now €243.918 million), which Tapie borrowed. Tapie was at the time a famous specialist of rescuing bankrupt companies, an expertise on which he built his fortune.
Tapie decided to move production offshore to Asia. He also hired Madonna for promotion. He sent, from Christchurch, New Zealand, a shoe sales representative to Germany and met Adolf Dassler's descendants (Amelia Randall Dassler and Bella Beck Dassler) and was sent back with a few items to promote the company there.
In 1992, unable to pay the loan interest, Tapie mandated the Crédit Lyonnais bank to sell Adidas, and the bank subsequently converted the outstanding debt owed into equity of the enterprise, which was unusual as per the prevalent French banking practice. Apparently, the state-owned bank had tried to get Tapie out of dire financial straits as a personal favour to Tapie, reportedly because Tapie was Minister of Urban Affairs (ministre de la Ville) in the French government at the time.
In February 1993, Crédit Lyonnais sold Adidas to Robert Louis-Dreyfus, a friend of Bernard Tapie for a much higher amount of money than what Tapie owed, 4.485 billion (€683.514 million) francs rather than 2.85 billion (€434.479 million). Tapie later sued the bank, because he felt "spoiled" by the indirect sale.[citation needed]
Robert Louis-Dreyfus became the new CEO of the company. He was also the president of Olympique de Marseille, a team Tapie had owned until 1993.[citation needed]
Tapie filed for personal bankruptcy in 1994. He was the object of several lawsuits, notably related to match fixing at the football club. During 1997, he served 6 months of an 18-month prison sentence in La Santé prison in Paris. In 2005, French courts awarded Tapie a €135 million compensation (about 886 million francs).[citation needed]
[edit] Post—Tapie era In 1994, combined with FIFA Youth Group, SOS Children's Villages became the main beneficiary.
In 1997, Adidas AG acquired the Salomon Group who specialized in ski wear, and its official corporate name was changed to Adidas-Salomon AG because with this acquisition Adidas also acquired the Taylormade Golf company and Maxfli which allowed them to compete with Nike Golf.
In 1998, Adidas sued the NCAA over their rules limiting the size and number of commercial logos on team uniforms and apparel. Adidas withdrew the suit, and the two groups established guidelines as to what three-stripe designs would be considered uses of the Adidas trademark.
In 2003, Adidas filed a lawsuit in a British court challenging Fitness World Trading's use of a two-stripe motif similar to Adidas's three stripes. The court ruled that despite the simplicity of the mark, Fitness World 's use was infringing because the public could establish a link between that use and Adidas's mark.[12]
In September 2004, top English fashion designer Stella McCartney launched a joint-venture line with Adidas, establishing a long-term partnership with the corporation. This line is a sports performance collection for women called "Adidas by Stella McCartney",[13] and it has been critically acclaimed.[14]
Also in 2005, on 3 May, Adidas told the public that they sold their partner company Salomon Group for €485m to Amer Sports of Finland.
Wikinews has related news: German Adidas buys American Reebok In August 2005, Adidas declared its intention to buy British rival Reebok for $3.8 billion (US). This takeover was completed with partnership in January 2006[1] and meant that the company will have business sales closer to those of Nike in North America. The acquisition of Reebok will also allow Adidas to compete with Nike worldwide as the number two athletic shoemaker in the world.[15]
Adidas has global corporate headquarters in Germany, and many other business locations around the world such as Portland OR, Hong Kong, Toronto, Taiwan, England, Japan, Australia and Spain. Mainly sold in the U.S., Adidas makes lots of assets from these countries and is expanding to more oversea countries.
In 2005, Adidas introduced the Adidas 1, the first ever production shoe to utilize a microprocessor. Dubbed by the company "The World's First Intelligent Shoe", it features a microprocessor capable of performing 5 million calculations per second that automatically adjusts the shoe's level of cushioning to suit its environment. The shoe requires a small, user-replaceable battery that lasts for approximately 100 hours of running. On 25 November 2005, Adidas released a new version of the Adidas 1 with an increased range of cushioning, allowing the shoe to become softer or firmer, and a new motor with 153 percent more torque.[citation needed]
On 11 April 2006, Adidas announced an 11-year deal to become the official NBA apparel provider. They will make NBA, NBDL, and WNBA jerseys and products as well as team-coloured versions of the "Superstar" basketball shoe. This deal (worth over $400 million) takes the place of the previous 10-year Reebok deal that was put in place in 2001.
[edit] Products [edit] Running Adidas currently manufactures several running shoes, including the adiStar Salvation 2, the adiStar Ride 3 (the replacement for the adiStar Cushion 6), the Supernova Sequence 3 (the replacement for the Supernova Control 10), and the Supernova Glide 3, among others. In addition, their performance apparel is widely used by runners. Adidas also uses kangaroo leather to make their more expensive shoes.[16][17]
[edit] Football (soccer) One of the main focuses of Adidas is football kit and associated equipment. Adidas remain a major company in the supply of team kits for international football teams.
Adidas also makes referee kits that are used in international competition and by many countries and leagues in the world. The company has been an innovator in the area of footwear for the sport with notable examples including development of the Copa Mundial moulded boot used for matches on firm dry pitches for almost forty years. The studded equivalent was named World Cup follow in celebration of the 1978 tournament won by Argentina, one of the nations it supplied at the time. Some of the most famous football teams are currently sponsored by Adidas.
Adidas became renowned for advancing the Predator boot design developed by ex-Liverpool and Australian international player Craig Johnston. This design featured a ribbed rubber structure for the upper leather of the shoe, used to accent the movement of the ball when struck; highly skilled players claimed they were able to curve the flight of the ball more easily when wearing this new contoured design.[citation needed]The Predator also features the Craig Johnston-invented Traxion sole.
FIFA, the world governing body of football, commissioned specially designed footballs for use in its own World Cup tournaments to favour more attacking play. The balls supplied for the 2006 World Cup, the Teamgeist, were particular noteworthy for their ability to travel further than previous types when struck, leading to longer range goal strikes that were intended to increase the number of goals scored. Goalkeepers were believed to be less comfortable with the design, claiming it would move significantly and unpredictably in flight.
Adidas also introduced another new ball for the 2010 World Cup. The Jabulani ball was designed and developed by Loughborugh University in conjunction with Chelsea FC. It received much criticism from players, managers and pundits for being too hard to control. The lighter and more aerodynamic ball led to many shots and passes being over hit. The Jabulani was widely blamed for the low numbers of long range goals or even remotely accurate attempts in the opening stage of the tournament.
As well as the aforementioned Predator boot, adidas also manufacture the F50 and adiPure range of football boots.
Adidas also provides apparel and equipment for all teams in Major League Soccer.
[edit] Tennis Adidas has sponsored tennis players and recently introduced a new line of tennis racquets. While the Feather is made for the "regular player", and the Response for the "club player", Adidas targets the "tournament player" with the 12.2 oz Barricade tour model.[18] Adidas sponsors the following professional players with mainly clothing apparel and footwear: Ana Ivanović, Andy Murray, Maria Kirilenko, Caroline Wozniacki, Justine Henin, Jo-Wilfried Tsonga, Daniela Hantuchová, Alicia Molik, Fernando Verdasco, Gilles Simon, Fernando González, Flavia Pennetta, Laura Robson, Melanie Oudin, and Sorana Cîrstea. Adidas tennis apparel contains the ClimaCool technology found in other athletic jerseys and shoes.[19]
In November 2009 World Number 4 Andy Murray was confirmed as Adidas's highest paid star with a 5 year contract reported to be worth $24.5m.[20]
Players sponsored by Adidas can take advantage of the Adidas Player Improvement Program, where the company provides coaches, fitness trainers and sports psychologists to players in order to further their careers. The program includes legendary coaches such as Darren Cahill and Sven Groeneveld.
In Cincinnati, at the ATP Tennis Tournament in Mason, they have also sponsored the ball-boy and ball-girl uniforms.
[edit] Golf adidasGolf is part of adidas, a German-based sports apparel manufacturer and part of the adidas Group, which consists of Reebok sportswear company, TaylorMade-adidas golf company, and Rockport. The adidas Group is one of the global leaders in the sporting goods industry offering a wide range of products around the three core segments of adidas, Reebok, and TaylorMade-adidas Golf. adidasGolf sells and manufactures adidas-brand golf apparel, footwear and accessories.
Company Timeline:
In 1997, Adidas AG acquired the Salomon Group who specialized in alpine ski wear, and its official corporate name was changed to adidas-Salomon AG because with this acquisition Adidas also acquired the TaylorMade Golf company and Maxfli, which allowed them to compete with Nike Golf. Salomon sold its controlling interest in TaylorMade and its other sports equipment companies to global giant Adidas AG.
In 1998, Adidas Golf USA moved its business operations from Tualatin, Oregon, to the Carlsbad, California headquarters of TaylorMade Golf, acquired by adidas-Salomon. adidasGolf USA had 30 employees to relocate. Carlsbad is also the headquarters of one of its primary competitors, Callaway Golf Company.
In 1999, TaylorMade and AdidasGolf USA, were merged into a new company—called TaylorMade-Adidas Golf—with world headquarters in Carlsbad. Mark King was named president of the company he had begun his career with in 1981 as a sales representative after a short stint as vice president of sales and marketing at Callaway Golf Ball Co. in 1998.
In November 2008, Ashworth (clothing) became a wholly owned subsidiary of TaylorMade-Adidas Golf, complementary to the synthetic performance fabrics of Adidas Golf.
Product:
Adidas Golf sells apparel, footwear, and accessories for men, women, and youth. Men’s equipment includes footwear, shirts, shorts, pants, outerwear, base layer and eyewear. Women’s equipment includes footwear, shirts, shorts, skirts, pants, outerwear, base layers, and eyewear. Youth equipment includes both boys and girls footwear, apparel, and eyewear.
[edit] Cricket In the 1990s, Adidas signed the famous Indian batsman Sachin Tendulkar and made shoes for him.[21] Tendulkar continues to wear Adidas shoes while playing matches. Since 2008, Adidas has sponsored the cricket bat used by Sachin Tendulkar. It created a new cricket bat, 'Adidas Master Blaster', personalized for him.
In 2008, Adidas made their move into English cricket market by sponsoring English batting star Kevin Pietersen after the cancellation of his lifetime deal with Woodworm, when they ran into financial difficulties.[22] The following year they signed up fellow England player Ian Bell, Pakistan opening batsman Salman Butt and Indian Player Ravindra Jadeja. Having made cricket footwear for many years, the company finally entered the field of bat manufacture in 2008 and their products are available in the Incurza, Pellara and Libro ranges.This bat is worth over £1000.
Adidas also manufactures the uniforms worn by both the England cricket team and the Australian cricket team. Adidas signed partnership with Cricket South Africa in 2011 and the uniforms worn by South African Cricket Team during and after Cricket World Cup 2011 will be manufactured by Adidas.[23] They also sponsored the South Korea national cricket team.
In the Indian Premier League (IPL), Adidas are the official apparel sponsor for the teams Mumbai Indians, Delhi Daredevils and Pune Warriors India.[24][25]
[edit] Basketball Adidas has been a longtime basketball shoe manufacturer and is one of the leading basketball brands in the world. They are most famous for their iconic Superstar and Pro Model shoes, affectionately known as "shelltoes" for their stylized hard rubber toe box. These were made very popular in the 1980s hip hop streetwear scene alongside Adidas' stripe-sided polyester suits.
Adidas is also the current outfitter of all 30 franchises in the National Basketball Association (replacing the Reebok brand after the merger) and sponsors numerous players past and present like Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Tracy McGrady, as well as Dwight Howard, Chauncey Billups, Derrick Rose, Eric Gordon, Michael Beasley, Josh Smith and Tim Duncan. Adidas used to endorse Kobe Bryant with the Adidas Equipment KB8 as his first signature shoe, and stopped endorsing him in 2003. The company also endorsed Kevin Garnett, until he opted out of his contract in 2010; he is currently endorsing Anta. Lebron James also wore Adidas at high school. Now he endorses Nike to date. Gilbert Arenas was an Adidas endorser until the now-infamous gun incident last season; he is currently un-endorsed.
[edit] Lacrosse In 2007, Adidas announced the future production of lacrosse equipment, and will sponsor the Adidas National Lacrosse Classic in July 2008 for the top 600 high school underclassmen lacrosse players in the United States.[26]
[edit] Rugby Adidas make rugby balls and other rugby gear. They are the current kit and ball supplier to the New Zealand All Blacks, Irish Munster Rugby, the Argentinian Pumas, and the South African Stormers and Western Province rugby union teams among others. Adidas are also the official match ball supplier to the Heineken Cup.
[edit] Gymnastics Since 2000, adidas has provided men's and women's gymnastics wear for Team USA, through USA Gymnastics. In 2006, Adidas gymnastics leatards for women and adidas mens comp shirts, gymnastics pants and gymnastics shorts have been available in the USA, with seasonal leotards offered for Spring, Summer, Fall and Holidays. Starting in 2009, Adidas gymnastics wear has been available worldwide through GK Elite Sportswear.[27]
[edit] Skateboarding Adidas SB (Skateboarding) are shoes made specifically for skateboarding. Many of the shoes Adidas previously made were redesigned for skateboarding.
Adidas Skateboarding also has a skateboarding team. The team consists of: Mark Gonzales, Dennis Busenitz, Tim O'Connor, Silas Baxter-Neal, Pete Eldridge, Benny Fairfax, Lucas Puig, Nester Judkins, Lem Villemin,Vince Del Valle and Jake Brown.
[edit] Accessories Adidas also designs and makes sandals, watches, eyewear, bags, baseball caps, and socks.
As well, Adidas has a branded range of male and female deodorants, perfumes, aftershave and lotions.
[edit] Marketing Adidas, like other sports brands, is believed to engender high consumer brand loyalty. Brand loyalty towards Adidas, Nike, Inc., Puma AG and several other sportswear brands was examined in a recent study.[28] The study found consumers did not exhibit unduly high loyalty towards such brands.
During the mid to late 1990s, Adidas divided the brand into three main groups with each a separate focus: Adidas Performance was designed to maintain their devotion to the athlete; Adidas Originals was designed to focus on fashion and life-style; and Style Essentials, with the main group within this one being Y-3.
"Impossible is Nothing" is the current mainstream marketing slogan for Adidas. This campaign was developed by 180/TBWA based in Amsterdam but also with significant work being done by TBWA/Chiat/Day in San Francisco – particularly for its basketball campaign "Believe In Five".TBWA\Chiat\Day commissioned Zane Peach[29] to produce images for 2007 international ad campaign.
[edit] Game advertisement The brand is featured in several games. Amiga|Commodore Amiga: Daley Thompson's Olympic Challenge Sony Playstation: Adidas power soccer Commodore 64, ZX spectrum, Amstrad CPC: Adidas Championship Football
[edit] Sponsorship This section needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2010) Adidas is a major domestic (within Germany) and international sports and events sponsor. During the last number of years, the Group has increased its marketing and sponsorship budget.[30] Adidas is a key sponsor and supplier to the National Basketball Association (NBA). The company recently unveiled a new NBA game jersey to be worn by all NBA players in games beginning in the 2010–2011 season.
Adidas are the main sponsor and kit supplier of the highly successful New Zealand national rugby team, the All Blacks. Adidas also are the kit supplier to the Los Pumas, the Eagles, the Irish professional rugby union team, Munster Rugby and the French professional rugby union club, Stade Français.
Adidas also sponsors and produces apparel for the rugby league club Gold Coast Titans in the Australian National Rugby League (NRL) competition.
In cricket, the company are the main and kit sponsors sponsors of the successful Australian Cricket Team and the England Cricket Team. They are also the main sponsors of the Indian cricketers Sachin Tendulkar and Virender Sehwag and English cricketers Kevin Pietersen and Ian Bell. They are sponsors of the Indian Premier League teams Delhi Daredevils and Mumbai Indians.
Adidas is the longstanding kit provider to the Germany national football team, a sponsorship that began in 1954 and is contracted to continue until at least 2018. Adidas also sponsors the Argentine, Japanese, Mexican, Scottish, Spanish and Colombian national football teams, among others.[31]
Adidas are very active at sponsoring top football clubs such as R.S.C. Anderlecht, Wisła Kraków, Rapid Vienna, Real Madrid, Aberdeen F.C., AC Milan, Dynamo Kyiv, Metalist, Partizan Belgrade, Chelsea, , Palmeiras , Fluminense , Bayern Munich, Rosenborg BK, West Bromwich Albion, Stoke City F.C., Lyon, Marseille, AFC Ajax, Schalke 04, Galatasaray, Benfica, River Plate, Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe, UANL Tigres, Panathinaikos, South Melbourne FC, IFK Göteborg, Zamalek SC, Al-Ahly, Al-Hilal, Ahli Jeddah, Caracas, Universidad de Chile, Los Millonarios, Beitar Jerusalem F.C., Albirex Niigata, Atlético Nacional and C.D. Guadalajara.
Adidas is the apparel partner of the Collingwood Football Club and the Essendon Football Club in the Australian Football League.
Adidas and Major League Soccer (MLS) announced a 8-year sponsorship agreement in August 2010 that will continue to make Adidas the official athletic sponsor and licensed product supplier for the league, and to work together to expand the developmental league for MLS through 2018.[32]
Adidas also sponsors events such as the London Marathon and Adidas Sundown Marathon in Singapore.[33]
In the 1980s, Adidas sponsored rap group Run-D.M.C., a breakthrough idea.
For the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, Adidas spent €70 million sponsoring the event, amid criticisms.[34]
Adidas has also been marketing in NASCAR, sponsoring big name drivers such as Dale Earnhardt, Jr. and Tony Stewart.
[edit] Corporate information [edit] Current executive board CEO Adidas-group: Herbert Hainer Finance Adidas-group: Robin J. Stalker CEO Adidas brand: Erich Stamminger Global Operations Adidas-group: Glenn S. Bennett [edit] Former management CEO (1993–2002): Robert Louis-Dreyfus. [edit] Financial information Financial data in millions of euros[2] Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Sales 10,084 10,299 10,799 10,381 11,990 EBITDA 1,078 1,165 1,280 780 1,159 Net results 483 551 642 245 567 Net debt 2,231 1,766 2,189 917 221 [edit] Criticism As with the majority of prolific brand-based transnationals, Adidas' business practises/ethics and commitment to worker welfare have been scrutinised and often criticised.[35][36]
[edit] See also List of swimwear brands [edit] Notes [edit] References "Adidas Golf USA moves to Carlsbad; Adidas faces legal suit". Sports Business Daily. August 19, 1998. Retrieved 22 October 2010.  "Taylor Made Golf Co". FundingUniverse. Retrieved 22 October 2010.  Freeman, Mike (August 19, 1999). "Taylor, Adidas merge, reshuffle". The San Diego Union-Tribune: p. C.1. Retrieved 22 October 2010.  Ward, Denise T. (May 14, 2001). "Profile: Mark King, Taylor Made For His Job". San Diego Business Journal. Archived from the original on ?. Retrieved 22 October 2010.  [edit] External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Adidas Official website Adidas brand website v · d · e DAX companies of Germany

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Northeast small children when the front teeth card out too, the wave of the sub-Gail in the street on the card teeth chatter skin penetration, and got home my parents always ask: Zezheng, ah, one day shocked Sanko's hair!
Northeast small children, when thieves scouring, drying the bird black little face all night at home painting wits of children, parents always said: What Xiapao away all day, take a look at your face it, buried elimination of the Palestinian!
Northeast small children when the class and do not listen, Laoke, horsing around, Joe wow AIDS called upon, the teacher excited the whole eye and said: blind white school almost every day, no lectures! Northeast when small children in the classroom like Noisy, Noisy breaking into the chicken red face, next to the irritation and said: you two look cut ah!
Children should love the Northeast slip virtual kissing fart essence, the total can not wait to see someone kick ass son put down his foot kick.
Northeast little boy crazy girl always like Northeast, Northeast girl will always be a small boy turned blank, and then cried out: and the sun face, is not it! Northeast girl can not mess, a mess on the temple bombing. Little boy always says Northeastern Northeastern girl, a giant energy bar to coax every day, not long harsh trampled like that was kind enough to owe child registration, no corpuscles time! When a small boy nothing northeast and north-girl does not like the waves slightly grumble and sell when the children have spent listening to angry girl on the side talking about the Northeast: their heads with painful! Northeast small group which rarely break if the day does not mean that the girl in Northeast, Northeast girls'll be very straightforward: take a look at you one day phoney guesses, Niuniunienie, Jijiwaiwai, beaten throat belly of the sample, is I do not care? Having Flushed. Northeast girls never cold-called the guy a pro she was the object of Northeast, Northeast small group of children with AIDS heart beauty, lips said: Gaha ah, the whole my face!
Northeast girl, Hu Lie Lie, mouth Baba, the Northeast guy would not want to listen to the birds quiet walk away.
Northeast winter nights we most like to take the white picket fence, support for what? Brain almost chant!
man nothing like the whole Northeast Jizhong small burn, drink, spit straight home, the Northeast has scolded his wife met with pained lips: Chou Chou you have children, uh, and then the whole so much, all day long ocean for two positive three of the five fans, so you drink you drink, Tiger ah!
Northeast bloody men, urine sex, stress, tension on the thieves who warm to see that two tigers were always said jack bar: Men that children are they way place a person in your child not! -

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in the orbital region. This There are so swollen eyes become concave down in the deep sense of

5 · followed by the 4-color, double-fold in the area close to the last sweep of nature have, pay attention to color with the 3 over the place to be uniform. < br> Do not forget to focus on the end of eye position, to impeccably cleaned and slightly longer than their end of eye, eye liner in preparation for the next. -
the eye shadow to the eye from the eyebrow to be from deep to shallow over. more close to the darker eye liner Oh ~

6 · again, began to lash line. first hit with the smell of the basic type of eyeliner.
first draw the roots of eyelashes (inside the upper eyelid), all filled Lu Bai Oh ...
I do not like the location of the eye leaving a head to not paint, because painting a halo to the next will be on the eyelids


7 · then draw the normal eye liner position, we must Note that the eye just now connected to the bottom of the liner, eyelash root filled
double-fold thickness according to their size to be:


8 · here to note the end of eyeliner!
traditional make-up is to pull up the rear liner, do not like ..... I do not fit upturned eyes ....
I usually go along the top end of eye, pulled down as much as possible draw about painting to grow the position of the eyes 0.5-0.8MM.
eyes look so big than the original 1 / 3 O


9 · followed by the 4-color paintings along just a good eyeliner smudges.
before eye shadow to liner there with excessive eyeliner Buzhi Yu looks stiff.;



10 · or 4, dark brown, painted under the eye shadow. From the end of the downward eye shadow draw


11 · focus here, here, with particular attention to the blooming, the depth of the arrow.
near the inside of the lower lid lines and the liner is the deepest place, slowly down to open next halo.
this painting is to open up would be more natural, will not make eye makeup look too strong, too rigid

< br> 12 · unfinished under the shadow, the use of 1 shiny white flesh inside the next corner.
brighten the eyes make the eyes more of God, it looks watery


· 13 All of the above things right before the liner with the IPSA better just painted eyeliner.
; attention, not just painted over the piece of rough to close to the lash roots to paint


14, consistent style, pull down the rear of the liner


15 · Well ..... started on mascara Oh! wipe 3-layer ...
the first layer, with the DIOR , the pro-good effect they choose to shape the first tier, said .-


16 · the second layer, using DEJAVU FIBERWIG to lengthen eyelashes!
third layer with HR effect of strengthening ...... three wiping over thick, the effect is still very evident



17 · compare their own eyes the original slope of the eyes with the slope after the unfinished .....
obvious fall of Kazakhstan, but also a lot of big


18 · last ...
false eyelashes, glue the end of eye. Note, slightly The next sticking point, to grow their own eyes


· done!!!




; eye care
regular makeup. ..
eyes are always a lot of residual cosmetics
even with a dedicated Eye Makeup Remover ...
will have a lot of dirt hidden in the corner of the eye secretions with generally done Oh
All of the eye after cleaning the face ...
have to use the Run clean eye cleaning solution within the eyes
eye wash solution comes with a small measuring cup down on the eye wash fluid

upside down in the eyes, and looked up, then open your eyes ...

blinked about to let the eye around

eye to eye wash solution and rinse

full access inside the eye secretions, dust, cosmetics, etc. ...


residual cleaning solution has a lot of moist eyes use of nutritional ingredients

after the clear cool eye feeling very comfortable

Oh


eyes every day to be a br>
out of eye makeup will be more of a shiny Kazakhstan


Run clean wash solution: pharmacy or Watson has sold
Kao CAPE Hair Spray air fluffy: 78 A bottles, in Taobao sellers pipiyu

steps: 1, the hair into a ponytail.
2, the hair is divided into
3, sub-part of them as part of card together with the clamp.









Second, the Japanese big fluffy bun
Step1
to all of the hair is pulled tightly Zhaqi to head higher position, tied into a ponytail.
Step2.
gently reverse the tail, so that the hair loosely wound into circular shape, and fixed with the hairpin.
Step3
finally made a good end of adduction to the hair, using hair clips fixed, that is complete.
Tips principle received
want to make the hair with a big fluffy hair, the most important is to grasp the hair, without tension.

















Korean diy hair tie hair




Korean diy hair tie hair - soy hair

Oral Counseling Love will be 50 Japanese ( 2)

1.と は Seest thou ta private ん な に こ れ て い て も く, Seest thou ta test え の か は points ri します.
no matter how far you are from me, I know what you think.
2. Night, ki っ と す る よ.
night will call yo.
3. Beam su ru yo.
that good! (Agreed, pull hook)
4.6 に い つ も こ ろ で の と っ て い る わ be.
6 点 usual place.
5.こ こ は と よ く Jun to ta ne
This is where you always come to it
6. Shishi が わ に っ a tara ど Pictures で も う か で す.
after work to see the film how.
7. Nara (な ら) に へ a line っ こ と ta, ma da か え て い ま す.
Nara to go with us remember it?
8.あ れ は Private (wa ta し) の ち ta early (は じ) め て の デ & Suites か な だ っ ta.
It was our first date in it.
9. Seest thou ta private は と て も が good ki です.
I like you.
10. Seest thou ta ga そ ば に い る だ け で Fortunately せ です.
have you here, is my happiness.
11. Seest thou ta を う who want pure Lek purple blind interference d (ふ こ う ん) し て sleep (ne) ta ri く あ ま せ ん.
not sleep tonight, some excitement.
12. Tomorrow will ど こ で お う か.
see tomorrow Where is it?
13. Times い う お か つ will. What time did ah
next?
14. Council (あ) う は (ta の) し い け れ ど, (wa ka) か ら れ る つ は い
meet is happy, apart is painful.
15.お や す み, (ゆ め) の 中 (か な) で Council (あ) い ま し ょ う.
Good night, my dreams see.
16.お yuan (げ ん ki) で ね.
you good ah (greeting, used)
17. Will い で お ま ta ki う れ し て い ま す く thinking.
glad to see you again.
18. Seest thou ta の こ れ ま せ ん と forget.
I will not forget you.
19.ル で メ と が で Seest thou ta da ki ru private は う け で も し れ い
contact you via e-mail, I am very happy.
20.を く だ さ い hand ne.
write to me yo.
21. Seest thou ta っ て を べ times to be met.
22. Ki ら と い つ の こ と を private thinking out し て い ne
sad when I think about.
23.も し Jun (ki み) え に will tara (つ よ) hold ki し め く い
If ta see you again, I would like hugging you.
24. Seest thou ta の こ れ ま せ ん と forget.
I will not forget you.
25.を く だ さ い hand ne.
write to me yo.

Rich and poor standards of decision

1, self-awareness
poor: little thought how to make money and how to make money, that their life in relation to this, do not believe there will be any change.
rich: the bones to feel that he was not born to do the poor, but to be rich, he has a strong sense of making money, this is what his blood, he will do anything to make themselves rich.
2, leisure
poor: at home watching TV, for the soap opera of the story was moved to bitter tears, but also modeled on the TV fashion to arm themselves.
rich: out run the market, even playing golf has not forgotten the high ear with the project contract.
3,
circle of the poor: like the poor relatives to go, the circle of the poor are mostly poor people and excluded the rich interaction, over time, become the poor attitude of mind, thinking of the poor into thinking, made out of that is, the model is poor. All day talking about bargains, exchanges with saving skills training may help to survive to benefit, but your vision will gradually confined to such trivia, but the ambition to spend out.
rich: The most like to make the kind of help on their own, can enhance their capabilities friends. Impure broken only personal preferences letting their friends.
4, learning
poor: learning a craft
rich: the school management
5, time
poor: a person plenty of time to enjoy not making big money, to laid-back easy to lose more opportunities to make money. Time is not worth the poor, and sometimes redundant, do not know how to kill, how mixed up and do not bother. If you can buy a pound of cabbage for a penny and spend endless angry. Not to waste a day and heartache, this is typical of poor thinking.
rich: a person in any way to make money, and regardless of income-generating livelihoods are more or less have to go through the time of accumulation. The play is a rich work, there is a purpose. Idle rich, idle in the body, self-cultivation in order to facilitate the war, the head have never idle; poor idle, busy in thought, his hands are busy, busy multi-touch a few to put on the mahjong table.
6, sense of belonging
poor: was a star of screws. That the humble poor, but little sense of security, to urgently want to subordinate and dependent on one group, so they own the group's standards as the standard, so that all their normative for the benefit of group work, run around , and even migration. For the poor, in a well-known companies in the decades of steady work, have been dried to the senior director of interns, it is simply beautiful and the ideal can not be in the United States.
rich: the leader of these groups are usually the rich, they are always the one hand, impart to the poor: Unity is strength, if you do not belong to your group, you are nothing, a non-paper. . But on the other hand, they never stopped recruiting and training new to replace you at any time.
7, investment and wealth
poor treatment: economic point of view is equal to earn less, such as opening a noodle shop, the yield is 100%, input 2 million a year net profit of 2 million, for the poor very good. Even the poor have money, can not bear out, even if finally decided to invest, they were reluctant to take risks, and ultimately get out of that step. The most talked about is the poor chicken, egg, big profit ... ... but a hen who built on the hope, after all, are so fragile.
rich: the rich starting point is ten thousand million profit. Museum of the same open face, the rich people will think, a noodle shop in the capital carrying only 2 million, if a billion of funds, does that mean noodle shop to open 5000? To a manage a large number of employers may exercise the heart, how many white hairs tired you? Hotel not as investments. A hotel is enough to digest all of the capital, even if only 20% rate of return, there are 20 million a year profit down ah.
8, passion (can not do nothing, first see if there is no passion)
poor: there is no passion. He always step by step, it is difficult a big mistake, it will not be the best. No passion can not be excited, it is impossible to work wholeheartedly. Most of the poor can not say that there is no passion, passion is always to see his consumption too specific things: boss praised, he excited; store discount, he excited; TV reunion, and he passed a bunch of tears down stream, there is only a poor mood.
rich: Passion is a kind of nature, is a symbol of vitality, with the passion only a spark of inspiration, have a distinct personality, have a strong appeal in human relations, but also have the courage and means to solve the problem.
9, self-confidence
poor: poor self-confidence through armed to the teeth, through a brand of clothing and luxury high-level configuration to give them more confidence, poor self-confidence is often not from the heart and Naturalness of.
rich: Lijia Cheng about his business in secret, said: In fact, confidence is a rich and unique. Self-confidence can not be swayed by external forces, self-confidence can there be the right decision.
10, used to
poor: There is a story, a rich man to give the poor a cow. The poor with hope began to struggle. To cattle to eat grass, people have to eat, sad day. So the poor cows were sold, bought a few sheep, eating one, the remaining lamb for students. Lamb has yet to be born, the days are difficult. The poor to sell sheep and buy into the chicken, chicken want to make money for a living, but life has not changed, and finally the poor to kill the chickens, and the total collapse of the ideal of the poor, and this is a poor habit.
rich: According to an investment, experts say, the rich the secret of success is: no money, no matter how difficult, and do not use investment and savings, the pressure will make you find new ways to make money, help you pay off bills . This is a good habit. Habits decide character, used to determine success.
11, Internet
poor: to 163/sohu / online chat, chat with the poor, the poor one more time, the second is born poor mouth can not idle; rich people pay attention to Rongrubujing, gentle, and that is called virtue, to conserve a large deep-rooted trees. Poor people to not care so much, is being affected by other people's dirty looks all day long, covered with stained trivia, how many useless gas ah, talk about will not work? Chat rational!
Rich: to icxo.com surf the Internet investment opportunities. Rich Internet, more cost-effective use of the network, looking for more investment opportunities and projects to facilitate the use to their business in the past.
12, consumer spending
the poor: experience of satisfaction is to buy name brand, just like most test products out of fashion, I believe that expensive is necessarily good.
rich: buy brand name is chosen in order to save the details of the time, compared with the price of consumer goods, he cares more about the quality of products, such as 15 yuan will buy cotton t-shirt, do not buy the expensive Leica products .

Resist the wine words

Reject the word wine, drink and leadership know-how, skills drinker not
Jiuzhuo the communication places, is quite a test of. You can not drink, better learn to resist alcohol; you can not let the new faithful drinker happy, then by silver tongue to Everybody happy. This way, you immediately hurt your body, did not allow drinks upon those disappointing. Here are a few

one, just feeling good, how much drink, and drink you can expand the number of

said: Minato with roses. Therefore, as long as the feeling is good, drink much, how much to drink. I do not want us to blend the feelings of so many 'water'. Although I drank a little child, but it is a little drop of deep feelings. Well the situation is bit by bit! It is a pain; together with the person you like to drink, is a moving. We went to one, that we love to bits. as long as the feeling that a bit, do not drink too intoxicated.

III As long as there is love, drink wine

what are you if you do not touch liquor, to convince the other party may wish to drink or tea on behalf of the wine. you ask him: What is love? Is to understand the feelings, understanding Hooray! the word to reflect. We should jump into the jar, because our many years of friendship, clear like the deep sea. In fact, the feelings of light, even drinking bowl; emotional depth, even lick. Feelings of iron, you can not drink! Ning hurt the body, not to hurt feelings; rather drink a hole in the stomach, do not let feelings of splitting a seam! 'To stay awake half, leaving half of the West, drunk, at least in a dream to have you with,' I do not want to hurt the physical and emotional person. No body, there can not reflect the feelings; no feelings, is the walking dead! In order not to hurt feelings, I drink; in order not to hurt the body, I drink a little. and Italy, you say; Express feelings and views, you can: A. embrace, B. handles, C. drink, either before the election one. I respect you, let you choose; you respect me, should have let me choose. Now, I choose A. hug, please? villain? Would you please answer this question. to be alive, > added: one thousand two hundred twenty-two rinse mouth, three thousand two hundred forty-two not wine, five thousand two hundred sixty-two supporting the wall walk, seven thousand two hundred eighty-two still roar.

as long as the heart has, tea is also when the wine!

intestinal wine and meat had to wear, friends, hearts to stay!

酒逢知己千杯少, drink much much to drink, and drink not to run quickly.

leg legs , is not drinking.

guests have drunk alcohol, or the owner more ashamed!

in rivers and lakes to go, how can I not drink!

all together are good friends and I drank both enjoyable wine.

Road indignant roar, you who do not drink alcohol?

strong hero bile wine, against his wife tube!
< br> engage in competition in a market economy, will soon be the United States drink cup.

a river wide wave, let's reach for the cup dry.

allow guests to drink good drink back home first !

To people do not know, unless you drink.

days of blue, sea blue, a glass cup passed down.

underground dry cloudless sky, not just the cup count.

feelings are not iron? iron! it is not afraid bleeding! feelings deep or not? deep! it not afraid of fluids and!

drink drink white, non-emotional to.



drinking and leadership know-how

27 1 wine on the table although the know-how When the wine should not use this phrase lip.

trick 2 low profile and profound knowledge, must not be a charge on the Jiuzhuo to large.

trick 3 finish before another round of leadership to their King.

know-how can people respect a person 4 must not be more than one respect, unless you are leading.

respect their know-how 5 other people, if you do not clink, drink yourself how much can be the case may be, such as other alcoholic beverages, other alcohol attitude, must not drink less than the other, respect their own people to know.

respect their know-how 6 people, and if the Big Apple one, I finished , you pick, was generous side.

know-how humble 7 their jobs, remember to add the wine to the leadership, not blind to the leadership on behalf of the wine, is to generation, but also looking for someone to do in the leadership, but also To pretend that he is not because you want to drink wine and to give leadership on behalf of the drink. such as the liquor power leading a victorious, through the leadership of King beating around the bush to prepare a person stopped.

8 put that glass trick (beer mug), his right hand briefly Cup, left pad bottom of the cup, remember your cup is always lower than others. that if he is to lead, got the message point, do not put too low, or how a man called the following?

9 If there is no special trick people present, the best time needle touch the wine order, not favoritism.

trick 10 clink, toast, there must be rhetoric.

11 desktop, do not talk business know-how, drink Well, the business will almost, everyone gains a heart, otherwise people will not open a drink with you.

tips 12 do not install crooked, says the wrong thing, do something wrong, do not plead consciously Monastic is the last word.

know-how, if 13 is purely if the encounter would not be enough wine, wine bottle on the middle of the table, people add their own, Do not be silly not to go to a friends grumble a pouring, or the people behind the wine, not how to do?

know-how there must be a boring 14, the last glass of wine, so do not let your glass empty. will not escape ~

15 Note that you should not drink slip of the tongue trick, not boast, not gaffes, not Tuomohengfei, chopsticks arbitrary rejection, do not mess means fingers, soup puff ring, do not fart burp, wait any longer to go to the toilet, no one stopped you .

16 Do not know-how,

17 leading know-how to drink with you, is for you face, no matter how much leaders want you to drink, their first dry for the King, remember ah, my hands, the glass is low.

18 Tips peanuts to the people who drink alcohol is a good thing. keep a clear head, drink greetings is unavoidable, a cup of yogurt, a cup of hot water, you are obviously a hot towel and caring.

drinker does not work 9 Tips

1, do not take the initiative to implement a defensive to offensive strategy;

2, table and put two large cup, a cup of white wine, a cup of mineral water, take small handless winecup Cheers, ground water, to drink wine on the table 8 points drunk basic subject-object, you can water on behalf of the wine, take the initiative; (This is not recommended)

3, toast, do not swallow it immediately , look for opportunities to use napkins Mazui, napkins in the wine spit; (for women)

4, Theravada eat some of the fat after the class, bottom of starchy food, drinking is not easy drunk;

5, the rhythm, not all of a sudden became too fierce;

6, do not drink some wine mixed with particularly vulnerable to drunk;

7, leading their food, do not turn Jiuzhuo the middle of the disc, leading you dial the wine on the table and take their food taboo;

8, drink six drunk, put your dish in front of vinegar to drink vinegar, let the waiter add ... ...

9, each drink, the, filling, and then pretended not to predict with confidence handless winecup before drinking, throwing out a number as possible, so that you can not drink too much into a lot of time














< p>

Kaoyan performance experience first admitted to Tsinghua University graduate student ( I read inspired )

file
Name: Dai Zhenyu
Kaoyan results: out of 447 points, 147 math, political 81 points, English 82 points, 137 points
Undergraduate Courses: Central of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Mechanical Design, Manufacturing and Automation
apply for institutions: Tsinghua University Department of Precision Instruments and Machinery
2008 年 postgraduate examinations passed, I became one of the lucky ones in this test; recall over the last six months, with deep feeling. Six months, I lived an ascetic life style, daily morning to evening, my mind thinking the most is learning, I was surprised: Pig in the past 3 years of life generally lazy, I could have picked it up high school the kind of courage and determination to work hard with a higher goal. Often talked to friends about them, I feel very surprised; tell the truth, and now think of the past six months of life, certainly a more bitter, but did not think, because it was simply not taken into account.
Kaoyan first set foot on the road you may feel that they are in the dark. But when you win to reach the other side of success, turned round, and behind the road has been a bright and sunny - so I walked. So, I hope my experience and lessons learned will allow you no longer confused, can you embody the value of a more glorious!
introduce my study section of the full course, first, I would like to discuss several issues common:
1. Why Kaoyan?
2. Kaoyan in the end how much value?
3. What kind of person can be admitted to study?
4. test what school, what profession?
the first question, in the junior year we started to consider the prospects after graduation - graduate school, work, abroad. To go abroad, I think if there is no economic power, then, few people would consider it. Graduate school has become the choice of most of us, because it is easy to find the work of undergraduates, and treatment is poor, but also some relatively good professional job, such as our professional, so many people in our class work, it should be said is portion. Of course, I do not deny that some people still can find good work, but you have to see how this ratio? Few. I believe life is to change the fate of Kaoyan an opportunity not to be missed.
why did not want to work? One I feel is my own knowledge is too small, did not go to work prepared two schools want to raise a better test yourself; In addition, I understand that (in the score before I have to find out for jobs, Huawei and other companies), undergraduate students are looking for out of work in the conditions, treatment, etc., both far from ideal for me, first, that the work is boring, boring, definitely not what you might think well, followed by the treatment, I went to interview a high gold NC company in Dalian, it is the private sector, he said they can only give an undergraduate 2,000 yuan a month, I do not know what this number to hear the idea, telling the truth - true chilling ah, we read it slowly and study hard, read out for so many years is just migrant workers a wage, it might as well do not read, we look at how much ah now CPI, not to mention the price, and if so, I'm afraid we can only by parents. A lot of people worked back to PubMed, one of the reasons is that the gap between the expected value, in fact, it is difficult to test out and come back, and a heart is difficult to recover, the two have forgotten a lot of things need to start all over again , three working experience in the re-examination is not taken seriously when, on the contrary, graduating students are appreciated.
on the second question, how much value comes Kaoyan.
let us cite an example of our laborers machinery, undergraduate students in our class about 3000-4000 a month if it is coastal, inland such as Nanjing, may be less than 3000, of course, this is not absolute, but in our school read After two years of graduate study the average wage of 6,000, may be even higher. So basically read two years worth will be doubled, of course, a better school if the test treatment will definitely high. Whether you are studying how pure the motive, this is an unavoidable reality.
So, what kind of person can be admitted to graduate it?
I was admitted, many mentees ask me usually is not very good, I am slightly ashamed to say, I usually score poorly, ranking weighted scores nearly 200 grades, calculus results are very general, 91,79, the line on behalf of the 60, almost failed, usually not involved in any game, any papers published, so I think my college had a very dull, I am not good.
But I progress, I want to change the fate of Kaoyan. It was also the basis of poor English asked me, six did not have, can be admitted to it? I think this is not much reference value, because Directions with four, six English idea of ​​a completely different topic, so we do not need to worry, as long as we have the persistence and perseverance, will have admitted the possibility.
last point is the objective.
now we should be very confused, what schools are professional about what a loss, if we feel anxious for no information, you can find fellow students understand the information may also wish to consider the remedial classes to consult this information, Because my own newspaper had remedial classes, remedial classes I know that the information in this regard is more full of. In fact, at that time I told you the same. The first is school, I feel the need to report, they reported a relatively good school, if graduate schools with poor test, it might as well not test, no value, we can increase due to its own objectives, but also give yourself a larger Power, after all, I soon decided to apply at Tsinghua University, started my family is not supported, they all think I am too confident, but I think I want to try, because this is my ideal, and this is my own decision. As professional, I was next to the brothers than I understand and take full advantage of network access, and then select the direction of their professional interest. For the professional direction you choose, I suggest, do not blindly across professional, because this is a great difficulty, not to mention the first test you can have, the second interview is a big threshold, so we hate their own if not professionals do not span too much. For those who have to multi-disciplinary inter-institution of the students, I have to remind you: must be prepared to be particularly full. Beginning of the semester junior year, I have determined to apply to Tsinghua University, was the professional there is no understanding, there is no consideration of professional issues. As Why choose Tsinghua University, the reason is very simple - my college life too boring, I hope to pass the test Tsinghua university life to leave my point of memory.
so the above reasons, I determined to apply in April Tsinghua professional precision machinery.
, I set about preparing for graduate school.
one, PubMed process
1, the basic preparation (or June)
busy semester, junior year, the course was very tight. I am a is to gradually adapt themselves to be experienced live Kaoyan. But basically I'm just learning the high number of hour or two. At the same time, I also in accordance with the brothers introduced me to some of the many reference materials, bought books. It should be said that I basically completed the task two months, and I read some of the high number of mathematics, and after-school exercises can get all of their own. In July I went to practice before, I was quite satisfied.
7 月 20 日 practice back, I trimmed a few days in the school, about the 24th moved out. Since then, I developed a strict long-term planning and short-term (one month, a week and daily schedule) program. I put those plans on the wall, always remind myself not lazy.
2, based on review (end-July to mid-October)
This time I divided into two sections - the end of July to the end of August, September through early October. The first stage, only to learn the rest of the line on behalf of mathematics and probability, and English reading and words; the second phase, started the review of professional courses, and began a comprehensive review of mathematics, started reviewing the book version of Lee Wing-lok, basically for the next day focus (focus on one day is a day focused on math major), English is almost like the first stage, or reading every day or several units four words.
first stage: this time Kaoyan review or more people who should be the. I have my plan basically get up at 6:30 every day, 7:00 to the classroom, and then read some time in English, go back and rest at 11:30, 2:30 into the classroom to the cafeteria 5:15, 6:00 back to the classroom learning about the evening at 10:00 (10:00 during summer vacation time to lock the door) go home and rest, sometimes at night, half an hour to transfer outside the West. I feel that time is very high efficiency, and lived very full, for that period of life is still very reluctant to leave. I did not research this time friends, I learn every day, just one person, but I do not feel boring, monotonous, or lonely.
the second phase: basic and my schedule as the first stage, but that night started with the school classroom schedule is changed to 10:30 the next self-study. I started watching this time and Lee Wing-lok Edition Specialized math review book, I basically focus on the next day review of the two. Courses are generally read a chapter one morning, afternoon, take a look at mathematics, has been studying English at night and did not complete the work on this day (mainly to do items), on the afternoon the next day is the day before the mandate and reversed - I that too a single study hours and a day to see the same course is not conducive to efficiency.
I personally think that two and a half or two months is a very critical stage, because this is the stage you are laying the foundation, based review system is critical; genius is rare, and always put their own be treated as a beginner, serious, down-to conduct a comprehensive and systematic basis for review.
3, 考研 medium-term (mid-October to late November)
is said to have a lot of people to enter in October tired of, and some even started to give up that something was better than pigs and dogs they claim can not stand the study section of life. During this time I am still very excited, and morale is still high. But I have to mention is that I did not do the timing as it was before also, but I really strive to 8:00 or 8:30 before the rush to the classroom, because the weather is very cold at this stage, I am really sleepy stretch , could not resist.
during November I went to a political remedial classes (class before I had read it again to the Red Book), the end of October I once again saw the Red Book (now think of it, I began to feel a little too political early, spent too much time), but at this stage (October), politics is not my focus.
After the first few months of review, I understand the math, but still should be more than, so I started doing questions, first I do is 400 questions (classic), a day set, and soon done, and then bought a lot of questions, basically a one day, I was basically in accordance with the examination of the time required to do, feel good, though certainly not the high scores, but I can learn new things very satisfied, During that time I did not care how many points, I only care about knowledge; In fact, we can not begin to pay attention at that stage scores. I also started Specialized
examination papers, the examination of things and the book feels very different, I feel a bit uncomfortable, and with the previous stage will not do after-school exercises or exercises do not understand the answer, I have some gum tree , and sometimes even kind of do not want to engage in professional courses of the idea; but in the end, or reason to overcome the impulse, I literally rose to the challenge, some of those problems are resolved, when too much sense of accomplishment - and this is my independent thinking solution, ah! However, some problems still do not understand, or answer some questions I think that after school there is no control of the wrong (in fact I later found that those who are wrong, I understand - the answer usually can not be wrong.) For the courses, I must say, to look back and forth, even if you read 5 times still can not understand, it does not matter, continue to read and much more, do more, you will understand, then, you may be able to feel it
English: In this stage, the disaster has me the most is reading, I am always looking for some information on the right to do; tell the truth, I think the market and not much appropriate information. In the beginning, I heard a good core Zhang Jin, I bought a set of information she has done a good period of time I feel pretty good. But now think of it, that English as a language, language sense of mastery of the language is very important, so long as to do every day to cultivate sense of language, step by step, the master would not be so hard for it.
has already done the political problems this time, I personally feel that political information is not much, as long as the appropriate resource materials, a Little Red Book, and a moderate exercise also Zhenti good simulation questions on OK. This time (November) I was placed in the more important political position, I have done exercises every morning, after carefully checking the answer in the book, in fact, is to be familiar with the process of title Little Red Book. By this stage the solid review, I not only have a comprehensive grasp of the Red Book, but also have a deeper understanding of its contents, especially Ma Zhe and Ma political and economic section. That is, at this stage, I had a strong interest in politics.
4, 考研 late (mid-December to January 2008)
the normal period of time spent for the normal functioning of the examination is very important, because the earlier review of high-intensity has been laid for their own basic a good foundation, so this time our task is to maintain a good state of mind, do not worry too much, (although this is inevitable, but must be restrained within a certain extent, in fact, everyone is worried about, although it may mouth that have nothing to worry about), still the normal daily routine (of course, the plan could set the stage a little more lenient), review previously learned what you may say; particular note is the individual that this stage The review should focus on politics and English, in which politics should pay attention to current political, English composition should be in English for the most most important, you can try to write some writing (even if do not want to have to try, regardless of what written How bad), mathematics, and specialized courses to go ahead with what kinds of questions and the difficulty of the closest analog Zhenti problems or recent Zhenti (Zhenti very precious, to cherish, especially the specialized courses.) However, do not do too much at this stage simulation questions, because some simulation questions out of the very poor, do not let the low score against your self-confidence, especially in January after.
in December, when I looked more closely and saw the political red book again, and bought a set of Zhenti do so, I was done in strict accordance with examination requirements, and even essay questions I always get a manuscript of a paper wrote down a title, not the slightest careless, after I finish the answer on the front of reference methods and summarized the pros and cons to find the answer; now want to come and feel they are doing really good.
about the end of December I started to review the current political, as seventh Congress in 2007, there is no doubt that congress should test for us this year is a top priority, so the focus is very clear, seventh I bought a large meeting of the Yangtze River during the Daily News in the Report goes on Seventeen newspapers, and then carefully read word for word, I read this back and forth about 10 times or more, then the question was very glad when the examination room to do easy to finish the current political choice (now think about it, I think the current political too much time spent on, if you have not enough time and not, I am, because I feel the time is still relatively abundant.)
so, and I want to emphasize that the focus should pay attention to politics, especially soon before exams a week. In the last two weeks, I have many friends and research contacts, to acquire all aspects not know the exact information is not accurate. Soon before exams a week, I and my friends 2 nights in a research combing the little red book again, the big question may be back to test a few, even when the results of examination of the two major problems encountered is my back before, the joy is self-evident. I think to the charge last week to back a big issue big issue is very important, gossip disclosed that a large number of problems may wish to go back to when a comb knowledge points, but the million is not too seriously.
on English, with special mention, and many people say that writing is very important. In fact, some writing score high on approach, I think, is that normal reading should be - hard to read. I started about September or August, when, basically adhere to the morning reading every morning an hour or two in the final period, due to the prominent English and political focus, and sometimes I read more than three hours one morning, the general How long time is based on the individual to set the mood, the mood is good, want to read a morning reading, all as determined by interest, not too strict plan.
the last month I started to write a small essay to write great essays, as usual, I accumulated a lot of useful sentences, this time to write very handy, handy, writing, the repeated reading, amended several times. Normal reading may be asked how the work of writing? I think this is because, usually reading, when I met the better sentences I put it down in a notebook, and then recite every morning, day after day, are very familiar with the past and can be used by themselves.
If we do not want to spend too much time in the composition or the sense of urgency in the last period, then a composition may also wish to go to class, back a few templates, class of material the teacher has made many useful words and sentences, For Directions should be sufficient. For that In order to improve the morale of the time, I bought a relatively simple but also relatively close to the Zhenti Questions and difficulty reading, but also to do it again, I feel so cool.
about mathematics, then I think it is important to brush up my books, but I do not like this person repeated reading, so I chose to do one day to see one day math problems. Even if the exam this time to a week, I was down from the Internet 5 sets of Hefei University of questions, feeling good, but I only went for 2 sets. In the last month, I review the book version of Lee Wing-lok, and generally view it again. Overall, the key is to reference fine, no need to recommend other people do the things you did complete heart at ease, completely unnecessary.
for the courses, then I personally think that to engage in professional books through out the further they get cooked, in fact I read it again every professional course textbooks, and some feel the new harvest. In the last month, I again made after-school exercise again, this time with me and another student discussion, we do not understand or do not feel the General Assembly, or do all get the answer to be incorrect, and that time I particularly happy, especially us get to know the most difficult time of a chapter.
fact this time is my most difficult time, because this phase of the learning task is not very heavy, but feels heavy, work hard and see others in their playing, sometimes my heart really guilty. This time I call friends often seek psychological comfort, I often teach my friends Carrefour and ocean research, and often went to the store to buy things (mainly coffee). Anyway, looks like the last time had a very easy, in fact, tired of heart than ever, to be afraid of (this stage, before the full sense of that every day lost).
Second, homework arrangements
1, the examination in mathematics
many courses, the mathematics component is very heavy, must be given a high priority, and it's many things, so be patient to study, the intention to learn. On the way, I will not go into details.
Here are my reference of choice.
(1) use of higher mathematics textbooks
Tongji use linear algebra textbook is
Tsinghua Edition (yellow), including supporting the supplementary (This book may be recommended to others Tongji version, but I think this version very good)
probability theory and mathematical statistics used Zhejiang Edition
(2) References
A, Li Yongle edition review book (this version of the previous recommendation of a senior admitted to Tsinghua University, so I chose, I feel good, this last question is the Lee version of the book's original title)
B, 400 title (this book is best to do 2 times in October again, and again in December)
C, Mathematics Zhenti
D, 5 sets of co-workers big question
to be reminded that the reference to choose the most suitable for them, must be reasonable arrangements for the case study time to do selective title.
2, Specialized
Control Engineering (Tsinghua edition textbooks, Purple Book)
recent 10 write the address (which I have almost full, you if you want, you can come to me.)
Courseware (I can help you get.)
addition, since the control of workers this calculation is very cumbersome examinations, recommended to use a calculator, I use the Casio fx-991ES, can be transcendental equation, the second three equations, matrix calculation, other features I think is not much role for us. Because the calculator, I save a lot of computing time, the result I nearly half an hour on the course test done in advance. This calculator can be purchased at the Hongshan Asian trade, price 180.
3, English
English exam has five sections: cloze, reading four, a variable Questions New Questions (read difficult this year than last year, compared with simple reading, to look at kinds of questions), translation, the size composition. Gestalt would not have said, the general attention given to reading and writing to give a high priority, as long as usual to do some translation of title on it, but also look at data, attention should also look for new kinds of questions, that is, training about when to do simulation title. I would like for everyone to read the most attention, but for writing, or in peacetime to be off, I recommend to pay more for writing good English read the original, then the more touched his phrases and sentences written in a notebook and then when the morning reading to read more about, so you can master a large vocabulary and phrases, it is workable. And, most important, is to find ways to increase vocabulary, to continuously look at the word.
personally feel I focus on the various parts of the grasp of English is quite reasonable, by this method, this year I passed the English test scores 80 points, it is quite satisfactory.
references:
A, vocabulary book (choose their own vocabulary book, in the review process, we should think is more important to copy words and sentences from beginning to end 1-2 times and see no less than 10 times, Finally, it should be said to learn from a lot of phrases and sentences, for basically all know each word, I think to do to recognize each word is very OK, do not depend on the number of how many times what are not)
B, NEW CONCEPT 3,4 that the new concept
C, NEW HORIZON English language that we use materials (I used two sets of books are usually read, I think the above article written by some good to back all sorts of sentence, it is suitable for writing paper)
D, Zhang Jin-core reading (which is recommended to do 2 times the information, I believe that only the closest Zhenti this information difficult, August and September again, and again in December) and 15 sets of simulated exam
E, Bargaining
to which I would like to OK, or in front of stress, according to their foundation in English, select the most suitable for the exam.
4 Political
Politics began to November (I am a relatively early, but seems to have no need so early, but you can listen to remedial classes before this, so that their politics have a grasp of the macro, good Do not let their ignorance of politics and examination of the near worried.) Very little political information, Little Red Book is fundamental.
references I used:
A, Little Red Book
B, Bargaining
C, simulation title
In addition, the current political than to buy reference books but also to look outside who were given information on current affairs and political classes, when I also bought a congress report looked at several times.
I think the political part of the data were sufficient, in which Little Red Book is the most fundamental. May wish to introduce, Ma Zhe and Ma is to understand the nature of the political and economic part, it is recommended as a priority early in the political review, and the remaining is the nature of memory, can be placed behind the focus of treatment.
In addition, it seems that I heard in 2009 Kaoyan politics is a test,
Third, some issues
1, on the report class: this is a very sensitive and very controversial issue, some people say a waste of money, but others said it was admitted after a few hundred dollars compared to the worth in terms of a bother to mention; Some say it is a waste of time and effort, some said Shangfudaoban review time can be greatly compressed and easy access to test key ... ... and so many others.
I personally think that these are relative. If you think the basis for your own good, it is obviously admitted, OK, you can not report; basis if you feel bad or very bad for your self-control, or apply for a higher goal, I suggest a more or newspaper Well, you can indeed proved admitted the possibility of more. In short, remedial classes on the one hand grasp can help you focus more accurately and faster to resolve difficulties. On the other hand, because everyone with lectures, and makes you feel kind of learning atmosphere, while giving you a learning motivation and the necessary pressure. There is a saying I think it is very reasonable, In fact, whether you are a liberal arts or science students, university study as long as you think you are not serious politics, then one or two political class is still very necessary. Perhaps you will feel when the class teacher about the content of you know, but I think the key is not a school teacher was talking about you know, but the teacher can help you extract the essence of the textbook and exam focus. Efforts on the key with a teacher is the key, the teacher did not emphasize that you can be do not remember. This is exam-oriented education. Of course, even if you reported the classes, but also a rare opportunity to seize such a good review, because if there is advance prep time after the review, it can make you faster access to knowledge.
said Kaoyan class choice, I think have several criteria: 1. the money, 2., 3. or the money, money is the first class of this Kaoyan capital strength, which I would like for us is quite abstract, because it is difficult to know this information, then we look at its offices in any place, is a bustling place, or more remote places, then the second person, that is, that teachers see it Teachers come and go out too Kaoyan questions, where to teach, I think the question of the teachers had to lecture should be a classic, because he was talking about is to test the focus of great reference value. I especially like Zhang Jinfeng teacher, he told the political, economic and Denglun horse easy to understand, easy to understand, it is easy for you to understand political, economic and Denglun horse and seize the key test, the most important, can upgrade you to this two class interest. The third money it refers to the charges.
2, on the inter-professional: I think if not particularly hate their undergraduate programs, not to inter-professional.
3, about to move out: In fact, just to move to a more quiet environment, I was moved to where my brother lived, the environment very well, very quiet, suitable for study. If you move out, then even if not a good environment, in that case not moving. If your bedroom is to study section, we can consider not move, and students to discuss or change to another are PubMed bedroom. I also test with a professional examination of several students of Tsinghua is to live in the bedroom.
4, on occupying a seat: I have been in the West second study hall, there are not nervous, so it is not how to account for off base, but heard that the East is very tense second, it seems that to get up at 4:00 I think this is a very horrible thing, do not recommend this because there is no way that a refresher.
5 on the college record: This should not be too concerned about, as long as the weighted over 80 should not be a big (even if not over 80 and do not take too much notice), for the first test does not have any effect. Long as the intention to re-learn, can learn better.
four, the thing to note
1, the first should have determined, once decided, do not change easily.
2, should always maintain high morale, in fact, it is not easy to do so, even 2 months is very difficult. But depressing things should be relatively common, but do not let this depressed erode the determination to learn self-comforting, often call their friends for comfort.
3, the scientific program is very important. Not done programs, the people must learn to do planning, long-term planning and short-term planning to be there every day even if he did not plan to write on paper, but also in the study room on the road every day to find out, not to classrooms do not know what to do.
4, to set a realistic goal, but fairly high, and do not give yourself too much pressure.
5, review the most taboo to learn a lesson a day, so the learning efficiency is very low.
6, to have one or two research friends, but not too much, because too many will disturb more. Friends of one or two research, you can always talk, exchange information, which is very important that a person has successfully passed the 5 months alone is an extremely difficult task.
7, access to information is very important. I personally feel the need to grasp the information from three areas: First, you want to report from was admitted to the school and professional orientation of the seniors of the information, this is the most important information, if you do not, I suggest you find the best ways to a; second information from the online enrollment schools; three friends to pay attention to the exchange of information and research, do not think people are your competitors and not share any information with others, so others will be blocked for you, the result was their disadvantage.
8, not related to emotional problems, PubMed spiritual process is often very fragile, if we increase the psychological burden, I am afraid it unbearable.
9, the English and politics, do not think they will have only 100 points will not be given full attention. Outcome of this study section, I found myself in terms of mathematics and specialized courses more than other people's points are even less not much, but I have reached the political English 80 of points on the overall results so that I will come up.
10, to keep the body healthy, exercise, and as far as possible they do not get sick, the body is the capital of revolution.
five, the second interview
first test before, only half the battle. Test Tsinghua University, the second interview is very important, must be given considerable attention. This year we have 398 hours of professional first test line is basically achieved in the first test line Engineering of Tsinghua highest score (crowding together of the profession is very serious this year), attend a final audition of people mostly from the major schools, so competition is fierce.
first test and retest each Tsinghua 50% of the total score, the final score = first test points (500) re-examination points (500), and then by a final score at the top.
re-examination is divided into two parts, written test and interview, including 100 written test and interview 400 points, the pros and cons can be imagined. For the interview I gave considerable attention, as required, I wrote a Personal Statement, and other self-introduction written in English in Tsinghua during which I read every morning in the self-introduction in English. Written for unknown said, there is no much to do on the title, is filled almost the same. The next morning interview, the interview about eight teachers, the beginning I made a self-introduction in English, then each of them asked me questions, but not how to make things difficult for me, just ask a simple question of professional , as long as a good re-examination required reading a few books that should be able to answer them, I answered getting by. Then I say what I like the direction, in the process I said they are written on paper what their interest. 25 minutes passed very quickly, so re-testing is over.

Computer repair , it-yourself

( Daquan do not think you will regret it for life ) 1: motherboard failure
2: Graphics fault
3: sound card trouble
4: hard disk failure
5: memory failure
6: drive failure
7: mouse malfunction < br> 8: Keyboard failure
9: MODEM failure
10: printer problems
11: Display fault
12: recorder malfunction
13: Scanner failure
14: monitor jitter because
15: Troubleshooting BIOS settings
16: Restart the computer failure
17: CPU utilization is too high to resolve the problem
18: Discovery of hard disk damage and repair
19: malicious code page manual handling
20: Common Faults and integrated sound card solution
21: USB storage device does not recognize
22: black failure
23: WINDOWS blue screen code lookup tables
24: WINDOWS error code Daquan
25: BIOS self-test and boot failure problems
; ; ; ;

Here Quick and related failures to solve the problem

computer malfunction that appears confusing, elusive. And the components of the Windows operating system is relatively complex, computer event of a failure, for the average user, you want to pinpoint the reasons for its failure is almost impossible. So it is that if we encounter when the computer failure, completely helpless out? This is not so, the computer-generated although there are many reasons for failure, but if we look carefully, conscientiously sum up, we can still have some computer failures of the law and treatment approaches. In this pamphlet, we will some of the most common and most typical computer fault diagnosis, maintenance methods to show you, through it, you'll find - ways to solve computer failure on your side, simple, but effective!


one motherboard motherboard

key component of the entire computer, the computer plays a vital role. If the motherboard malfunction will affect the work of the entire PC computer system. Here, we take a look at the motherboard in the course of which the most common faults.

a common fault: boot no display no display

computer boots, the first thing to check is a BIOS. Motherboard BIOS, the hardware store important data, while the motherboard BIOS is part of the more vulnerable, easily damaged, once damaged it will cause the system can not run, the recurrence of such failures are generally due to the motherboard BIOS damage caused by CIH virus (of course not rule out the motherboard itself, cause a system failure can not run..) General BIOS hard drive after the virus destroyed the data will be lost, so we can detect the hard disk the data is intact to determine whether the BIOS is damaged, if the hard disk data intact, so there are three reasons why the phenomenon of power no display: < br>
1. because the motherboard or expansion card expansion slot problems, leading to plug in expansion card, such as sound cards, etc. without the display board is not responding.

2. motherboard jumper settings in the CMOS in the CPU frequency does not, it may lead to not show fault, which, as long as the clear CMOS to be addressed. Clear CMOS jumper on the motherboard usually near the lithium battery, the default location is generally 1,2 short, just short of his conversion to jump a few seconds for the 2,3 to solve the problem, the old motherboard for the past can not be found should the user to the jumper, just remove the battery, enter the CMOS settings to be displayed after the boot off, will go up also reached the CMOS battery discharge purposes.

3. motherboard does not recognize the memory, memory corruption or memory does not match the boot no display can lead to failure. More selective in some older motherboards memory, once the plug in the motherboard does not recognize the memory, the motherboard will not start, and even some motherboards do not give you any fault tips (tweet). Of course sometimes in order to expand the memory to improve system performance, the results of different plug brands, types of memory can also cause such a failure occurs, so maintenance should pay more attention.


for the failure of the motherboard BIOS is damaged, we can plug in the ISA card to see whether the display (If prompted, can prompt steps below.), if not the boot screen, you can own Automatic Updates BIOS to do a floppy disk, reload the BIOS, but some motherboard BIOS is damaged, the floppy drive did not work this time, try using hot method to solve (I have tried, as long as the BIOS the same at the same level of motherboards can be successful writer..) However, in addition need to use the same BIOS hot things, some components may cause damage to the motherboard, so a reliable method is to write code using the BIOS update file to write device inside the BIOS (this service can find a safer computer vendor solution).

Troubleshooting II: CMOS settings can not be saved
such failures are generally due to insufficient battery voltage caused by the motherboard, which can be replaced, but some board battery replacement also can not solve the problem, at this time There are two possibilities:

1. motherboard circuit problems, which are looking for professional service;

2. motherboard CMOS jumper problem, sometimes because of the error will jump on the motherboard CMOS line is set to clear the option, or set to an external battery, making the CMOS data can not be saved.

Fault Three: In Windows, install the motherboard driver CD-ROM drive read the disk after a crash or slow down the phenomenon

in some no-name motherboard sometimes such a phenomenon, motherboard drivers procedures Bahrain, can not restart the computer into the Windows 98 desktop, normal mode, and the driver under Windows 98 can not be uninstalled. If this occurs, it is recommended to re-find the latest drivers installed, the problem can be solved generally, if it is not, can only re-install the system.

Troubleshooting four: Install the Windows or start Windows when the mouse is not available

software such failure occurred because the error is generally caused by the CMOS settings. Power management settings in the CMOS has a modem use IRQ field projects, and his options are 3,4,5 ......, NA, generally it is the default option is 3, set it to 3 other than items can be interrupted.

five common faults: frequent computer crashes, during the CMOS settings will appear the phenomenon of death

Dead phenomenon happened in CMOS, usually the motherboard or CPU have problems, should the press law can not troubleshooting, it can only replace the motherboard or CPU.

recurrence of such failures are generally due to a problem with the motherboard or the motherboard designs Cache heat caused by bad, I had found in the 815EP motherboard is not good enough for the motherboard heat caused by the failure phenomenon. Touch the CPU after the crash around the motherboard components, found that the temperature is very hot. After replacing the high-power fan, crash failures can be resolved. Cache problem for the failure, we can enter the CMOS setup, the Cache can fix the problem after the ban, of course, Cache ban would certainly be an impact upon the speed.

Troubleshooting Six: board COM port or parallel port, IDE port failure

the recurrence of such failures are generally due to causes related hardware hot plug the user, the user can use this time instead of multi-function card But in lieu must be prohibited before the COM port on the motherboard comes with the parallel port (some motherboards with IDE ports to be banned for proper use.)
graphics
a common fault: boot no display

such failures are generally due to poor contact with the motherboard or graphics slot motherboard causing problems. For some integrated graphics motherboard, main memory if the shared memory, you need to pay attention to the location of memory, usually in the first memory slot should be inserted in memory. Causes the graphics card no display power failure, power is generally given after a long, two short beeps (AWARD BIOS for the card is concerned).

Fault Two: Show Huaping, blind to the handwriting

such failures are generally due to high-resolution monitor or video card does not support caused. Huaping startup mode can be switched to safe mode, and then again in Windows 98 into the display settings, select the state in 16 colors Restart in normal mode Windows 98 system, delete the graphics drivers, restart the computer. Or not to enter safe mode, in a pure DOS environment, edit
SYSTEM.INI file, display.drv = pnpdrver to display.drv = vga.drv, the Save and exit, then drive in Windows to update the
program.

three common fault: color display is not normal, such failures are generally the following reasons:
1. graphics card and monitor signal line is bad
2. display their own fault
3. In Some software to run when the color is not normal, usually common in older machines, there is a check in the BIOS, the color of the option to open it to
4. Graphics damage;
5. display is magnetized Such phenomenon is generally due to magnetic objects can be caused by too close, magnetized may also cause the display appears deflection phenomenon.

Fault IV: Death

the recurrence of such failures are generally more common in non-compatible motherboards and graphics cards or motherboards and graphics cards bad; graphics card is not compatible with other expansion cards can also cause crashes .

five common faults: the screen pattern of abnormal noise or

such failures are generally due to problems with memory or graphics cards caused by poor contact with the motherboard. Finger position to be clean or replace the graphics card was
card.

six common faults: lost

graphics driver graphics driver to load and run automatically after a period of loss of driver, such failures are generally of poor quality due to video card or graphics card and motherboard do not compatible, making the graphics card temperature is too high, causing the system to run unstable or freezes, then only replace the graphics card.

addition, there is a class of special circumstances, the previous graphics driver to load, but the graphics drivers loaded into Windows when the crash occurred. To change to other types of cards in loading its driver, insert the old card to be addressed. Should such a failure can not be resolved, then the registry failure to restore the registry or reinstall the operating system can be. A common fault

sound: sound mute. There are common causes of this failure:

1. Default output driver is Click the sound icon bottom right corner of the screen (small loudspeaker), appear to adjust the volume slider below the

2. soundcard conflict with other cards. PnP card solution is used to adjust system resources so that all cards without disturbing each other. Sometimes, open the

3. After installing the Direct X sound card is not audible. That this sound card with Direct X compatibility is not good, need to update the driver.

4. one channel silent. Check the sound card to the audio speaker cable is disconnected.

two common faults: excessive noise from the sound card. There are common causes of this failure:

1. Card is not correct. Manufacturing precision is not high enough because the chassis, sound card manufacturer or installed outside the damper caused by bad sound card can not be closely integrated with the motherboard expansion slots, can be seen visually on the card This phenomenon in the ISA card or PCI card has, are common problems. Pliers generally available correction.

2. Active Speaker Speaker input connected to the sound card output. For the active speaker, should be connected to sound card Line out side, it has not been
output signal amplifier on the card, the noise is much smaller. There is only one output card is the Speaker or Line out jumpers on the card depends on the decision, the factory default is often Speaker, so the jumper to disconnect the sound card.

3. Windows comes with a bad driver. Sound card driver is installed, you should select the list box. If you have installed the Windows driver that comes with the optional Installation. Then insert the disk or CD-ROM with sound card, load the driver provided by the manufacturer.

Fault Three: Sound can not I once had a sound card under Windows 98 using the original driver disk to install the driver install does not matter how, and had to replace the use of Creative SB16 driver, everything is normal. Then upgrade to Windows Me, not normal and back with Windows 2000 (full version) comes with just the normal sound card drivers.

2.'s most vexing problems than the Windows 9X Plug and Play device under test has chosen to given a free hand to help you install the driver, the driver side is not used, then, every time you delete out reloading will repeat this, and can not use the Here I reveal a secret detached trick: Go to Win9xinfother directory, the *. inf file on the sound card, delete all and restart manually after installation, this was one hundred percent efficacious, have saved countless lives ... ... of course, sound card, change up table can achieve the same purpose.

3. does not support the PnP sound card installed (also applies to not use the PnP install the PnP sound card): Go to Windows search for new hardware?

Troubleshooting four: Play CD silent


1. completely silent. With Windows 98's Using a 4-pin CD-ROM audio cable to connect the analog audio output and CD-in on the card can be, this line will purchase CD-ROM included.

2. there is only one channel sound. Optical output signal generally about two lines, the middle two lines to ground. Because the audio signal line 4 line color is generally different, the color can be found from the line correspond to the interface. If only one interface or sound card and audio cable for each interface does not match the wiring had to change the order of the audio line, usually only one of two lines of the change can be.

five common faults: PCI sound card appears sonic boom
PCI cards are generally used because of technical causes hang Bus Master PCI bus hard disk read and write, mouse and other operations to enlarge the background noise's sake
. Solution: Turn off the Bus Master PCI card features into AGP graphics card, sound card for the PCI slot.

six common faults: not the normal recording

first check if there is nothing wrong with the microphone jack into the other, and second, double-click the little speaker, select menu see if the settings are correct. Then in the If the

seven common faults: Can not Play Wav's, Midi Wav Music

can not play music phenomenon is rare, often due to One can disable; can not play MIDI files may have the following 3 possible:

1. Early ISA sound card 16-bit mode may be due to 32-bit mode is not compatible with the MIDI playback is not caused by the normal, by installing Software wave table
way should resolve

2. Today, most of the popular PCI sound card with wavetable synthesis technology, if the MIDI playback is not part of it is likely because you do not load the appropriate sound wave table library.

3. Windows volume control in the MIDI channel is set to silent mode.

eight common faults: PCI sound card to use in the WIN98

Some users do not normally reflected in the sound card driver installation process everything is normal, no device conflicts occur, but the following is not in WIN98 aloud, or cause other problems. This phenomenon usually occurs in the PCI sound card, please check the installation process your PCI sound card inserted in the article which PCI slot. Thermal considerations for some friends, like to stay away from the sound card plugged into the AGP slot, near the ISA slot that several PCI slots. The problem often arises here, because there is a Windows98 Bug: sometimes only correctly identified and inserted in the PCI-1 PCI-2 sound card two slots. ATX motherboard in the two next to AGP is the PCI-1 PCI and PCI-2 (the opposite in some ATX motherboard, close to the ISA is the PCI-1), so if you do not have the PCI sound card installed in the correct slot, the problem would be created.
memory


computer memory is one of the most important parts, and its role in doubt, then the memory what are the most common faults it?

a common fault: no display

boot memory because the recurrence of such failures are generally due to memory with the motherboard memory slot is bad cause, as long as smear his finger back and forth with the eraser position to solve the problem (Do not use alcohol and other cleaning), there is memory corruption or a problem with the motherboard memory slot can also cause such a failure.
memory causes the boot no display failure, the host speaker beep usually for a long time (for the Award Bios is concerned).

Troubleshooting II: Windows Registry damage often for no reason, prompted for a user to recover

such as memory failures are generally caused by poor quality, it is difficult to repair, replace only one way .

three common faults: Windows often automatically enter safe mode

such failures are generally due to the motherboard is not compatible with the memory or memory caused by poor quality, common in high-frequency memory for Some do not support this frequency of memory on the motherboard, you can try to reduce the memory within the CMOS settings to see whether the read speed to solve the problem, should not, it can only replace the memory.

Fault IV: random crashes

such failures are generally due to the adoption of several different memory chips, due to the memory of different speeds to produce a time difference resulting in death
machine, which can reduce the memory speed CMOS settings to be resolved within, otherwise, the only way to use the same type of memory. Another possibility is that memory is not compatible with the motherboard, these phenomena generally rare, the other is also possible that poor contact with the motherboard memory computer random crashes caused. 01

five common faults: memory to increase system resources, but decreased after the

such phenomena are generally not compatible with the motherboard and memory caused the high frequency of memory commonly found in memory for some does not support this frequency of memory on the motherboard, such a failure when you try to COMS memory speed will be set too low a little try.

six common faults: some software often runs out of memory prompts

This phenomenon is usually due to inadequate system disk space left, you can delete some useless files, leaving some space that is can be generally maintained at
300M or so.

Fault Seven: Install Windows to boot from the hard drive to detect disk space, memory

prompted such failures are generally due to the user in the config.sys file, add the emm386.exe file, as long as it masked problems can be solved. CD-ROM drive is

computer hardware components in one of the shortest life. In fact, many scrap the drive there is still much of value, just click on it a little maintenance. This often do not have any profound knowledge of radio, do not need anything too complicated to use the repair tools and materials. Just look carefully and with reference to the implementation of the following symptoms of some troubleshooting, I believe you can restore the old drive or the old

a common failure: hard disk drive light is always flashing work

This is an illusion, it is not. Because of the hard disk light flashes and the hard disk drive with an IDE interface connected, the disc also control the hard work the results of light. Drive unit can be connected to a single IDE interface.

Fault Two: In the Windows environment to operate on the CD-ROM to display ROM to a certain extent. Most CD-ROM connected to the IDE hard disk interface is not supported
Windows 32-bit disk access, the Windows generated an internal error crash. After entering Windows, the check box is closed, the confirm, then restart Windows, in Windows, and then access the CD-ROM will not go into error.

Fault Three: drive can not properly read the disk, displayed on the screen: ?

In this case, the virus should be detected by antivirus software on the machine to check anti-virus, the virus can not find the file if the editor to open C under the root directory of the CONFIG.SYS if they put up light drivers and drivers are broken, and processing, but also with a text editing software View No issues were found more than two steps, removable drive maintenance.

Troubleshooting four: drive to use when prompted to read and write errors or diskless

this phenomenon mostly in the changer Shihai No place to operate on the drive caused by the fault. for all the operations drive will need to wait for the CD like the bit when the indicator shows the operation can be conducted. In Play DVD when the time should also be transferred to zero and then changer, which can avoid the above error.

five common faults: when playing VCD movies pause or broken screen phenomenon

check the AUTOEXEC.BAT file on MSCDEX.EXE after. If so, you should put
SMARTDRV statement prior to the MSCDEX.EXE; Party not to use high-speed CD-ROM rushed process to SMARTDRV.EXE / U; failure can be ruled out.

Troubleshooting Six: CD-ROM in the read data, read and sometimes not, and the longer the time to read the disk drive

not read the disk hardware failure focused on the laser head assembly, and can be divided into two kinds: one is caused by using long laser tube of the old
; the other is the photocell lens surface is dirty or dirty and displacement of the laser tube deformation. So the power to adjust the laser tube, the need of optical lens tube and the laser tube cleaning.

photoelectric tubes and focusing lens cleaning method is: Disconnect the laser head assembly, a flat cable, remember the direction of the laser head groups apart pieces. then see hooded jacket laser focusing lens, remove the jacket will find that focusing lens from the four fine copper wire connected to the focus, tracing the coil, the optical tube assembly is installed in the bottom of the lens holes in the. with a fine wire wrapped in clean cotton stick a small amount of distilled water (not optical tube with an alcohol wipe and focusing lens surface), and to see whether the level of the lens on the laser tube is suspended, it shall be adjusted appropriately. Thus, the cleaning is completed.

adjust the laser power. in the side of the laser head assembly screws are a little like a cross potentiometer. the use of color and write the initial position, generally the first clockwise 5 ° ~ 10 °, installed No re-test machine rotate 5 ° ~ 10 °, until a smooth read the disk. Note must not rotate too much, so much power and burned photocell.

seven common faults: boot drive not detected or detection failure

This may be due to drive data cable connector is loose, damaged or the hard disk drive data cable jumper settings error caused by such problems encountered when
waiting, we should first check the CD-ROM The data cable connector is loose, and if found not plugged in, it will be re-plugged, plug tight. If this does not resolve the fault, we recruited a new data can be put on line to try. this time if the fault still exist, we need to check the jumper settings CD-ROM, and if there is an error, change it to.
mouse mouse
failure analysis and maintenance is relatively simple, most of the fault for the interface or key contacts bad, broken, dirty mechanical positioning system. a few failures for the internal components or circuit Weld mouse, which are found in certain low-quality products, especially in the light-emitting diode, IC circuit damage to the majority.

A common fault: can not find the mouse

1. mouse completely damaged and need replacement mouse.
2. connected to the host serial port or mouse PS / 2 oral exposure bad, carefully take a good line, re- can start.
3. motherboard serial or PS / 2 ports from getting damaged, this situation is rare, if this is the case, had to replace a motherboard or use a serial port on a multifunction card.
4 . mouse line is bad, this is the most common. bad points more in the mouse inside the wire and circuit board connections. fault as long as not another PS / 2 joints, the general is not difficult to repair. usually due to relatively short lines, or compare the mouse lines are messy and hard pulling causes the reason, the solution is to open the mouse, and then use a soldering iron to solder weld. there is a situation that is bad inside the mouse cable is long because of the time result caused by aging, such failure is often difficult to find, replace the mouse is the fastest solution.

two common faults: the mouse can be shown, but can not move

the flexibility of the mouse down, not as arbitrary pointer, but slow, inaccurate positioning, or simply could not move. This is mainly due to mechanical positioning the mouse scrolling axis in the accumulation of transmission failure caused by excessive dirt, rolling does not cause flexible. maintenance of the internal focus on the mouse X axis and Y axis on the transmission mechanism. The solution is to lock the ball to open the plastic film, remove the mouse ball to roll, with a clean cloth dipped in mild detergent on plastic cleaning the ball, the friction shaft can be cleaned with alcohol. The best place in the axis of drop a few drops of sewing machine oil, but it must be careful not to flow to the friction surface and the seam on the grid encoder. will all the dirt removed, the flexibility of the mouse ever resume.

three common faults: the mouse button failure

1. the mouse button without movement, this may be because the mouse button and the circuit board micro switch is too far away or click on the switch after a period of reduced ability to use the bounce. open the mouse, the mouse buttons below the moderate thickness of glue a piece of plastic film, the thickness is determined according to actual needs, can be used after treatment.
< br> 2. the mouse button is not the normal pop-up, this may be because when the key switch in the bottom of the bowl-shaped micro-fracture caused by exposure to film, especially the long-term use of plastic is easily broken reed. If a three-button mouse, you can a key that will remove the middle to the emergency. If it is good quality original brand-name mouse, you can solder, the open micro switch, carefully clean the contacts, some of the grease, the bottles can be used.
Keyboard
keyboard in the course of the fault manifestations are varied, the reasons are multi-faceted. There is bad failure, mechanical failure has its own keys, as well as logic circuit fault, Xu Han, false welding, sealing off and the metal hole oxidation failure. repair the fault phenomena according to the analysis of different judgments, find out the cause of the malfunction, make the appropriate repairs.

a common fault: some of the keys on the keyboard, such as space key, the Enter key does not work, sometimes, adjustment shall be entered many times before - one or two characters, and some
keys such as cursor up key is pressed longer, continuously moving the cursor on the screen, this time the keyboard other characters can not enter, need to press again to bounce
.

this failure as a keyboard new keyboard, the keyboard is also sometimes the card key failure occurred. there keyboard card key phenomenon caused by the following two reasons: one reason is keycap insert the following position offset column, after pressing the button makes the keycap the body can not bounce a result of shell stuck the card key, and for this reason occurred in or near the new keyboard on the keyboard. Another reason is the key long-term use, the return spring elasticity becomes poor, shrapnel and press the lever friction larger, can not make key bounce caused by card key, because this occurred in the long-term use of the keyboard. When the keyboard appears when the card key fault can be allocated under the keycap, and then press the lever press. If the projectile by not up or fatigue, is caused by the second, otherwise the first causes. If the keycap and the key causes the body shell stuck in the put a gasket between the body, some of the pads can be slightly harder plastic (such as discarded diskette jacket) made of, its size is equal to or slightly larger than the key to body size, and press the lever in the position to open a can through the ammonium Rod freely through the square hole, in accordance with its set of poles, plug keycap; with the keycap and the key pad to stop the body stuck, you can fix problems button; if the spring fatigue, resistance to become large shrapnel card key causes failure, then the body can be special key to open, a little tension return spring to restore elasticity; remove the shrapnel will be key to the restoration. by removing the shrapnel and reduce the resistance by rod bounce to get the fault button the recovery.

Fault Two: Some characters can not enter.

if only one key character can not enter, it may be the key failure or joints Weld. inspection, in accordance with the the method described above, open the key
disk file with a multimeter resistance measurement of contacts and off state. If the key does not always turn on when pressed, then button reed fatigue or bad, in need of repair or replacement; if key press off when the contacts under normal, that may be due to cold solder joint, sealing off holes or gold scrap due to oxidation can be measured along the printing line, paragraph by paragraph, to find fault re-welding; Ruoyin metal hole oxidation and failure can be clean oxide layer, and then re-weld; if caused by the metal hole completely off circuit, it can lead to connect additional welding.

three common faults: if not in the same column number, not in the same line can not enter the key.

line or lines may be lines somewhere in the column circuit, or logic gate circuits may be malfunctioning. this time available for testing 100MHz high frequency oscilloscope to find the device cold solder joint failure point, and then repair.

four common faults: keyboard input is inconsistent with the character screen.

such failure may be due to the phenomenon of short circuit caused the board, and its performance is The key is shown as the same as the other characters, this time can be measured multimeter or oscilloscope to determine the fault repair after.

five common faults: press a key produce a string of multiple characters, or bounce when the character key.

This phenomenon is caused by a logic circuit failure. the first characters of a column is selected, if the enter key of a row without a column, may produce the phenomenon of a number of other characters ; if the one with the Enter key, the character will have a bounce into the system and can not be the final phenomenon, with an oscilloscope checking logic circuit chip, the chip to find fault with the model after the replacement of the new chips, troubleshooting.
Modem < br> A common failure: 56K of the Modem is not up to 56K. This problem can be from the following considerations:

1. 56Kmodem actual maximum speed can only reach 53K or so, to consider various effects, 56Kmodem speed generally between 45-53K.
2. Modem telephone line to a large extent influence the transmission rate, if the phone line quality is not good, line voltage instability, 56K on the Modem
to less than 56K; Another use of the Internet extension will also affect Internet speed.
3. not installed the correct driver.
4. and the ISP uses different protocol, only your Modem and your ISP agreement is the same, Modem will meet the standard 56K.
exclude the above reasons, your 56K Modem is still much faster than 53K, this is your Modem hardware problems can be considered a replacement or repair
.

common Failure II: Modem disconnects often, the problem may have dropped the following reasons:

1. Phone line quality is not good;
2. If the data terminal ready (DTR) signal is invalid duration Modem settings than the default, it will lead to dropped calls;
3. If your phone has a open;
4. In addition, Modem their quality and compatibility problems between different Modem Modem is caused by a common cause of dropped calls.

three common faults: Modem no dial tone

time when the Internet late at night when the dial tone in order not to influence others sleep, through the appropriate AT command to change: You can use the ATM0 set Modem no dial tone, and ATM1 set to Modem Dial-up connection from a dial tone . For the choice of the volume you can change the following instructions, ATL0 (low volume), ATL1 (low volume), ATL2 (in volume), ATL3 (high volume).

four common faults: Fax speeds up to non- 14400

Modem to the maximum fax rate is 14400, and send a fax rate of only 9600. This is because most of the fax machine to send and receive rates are
is 9600, and only use the rate of 14400 or 33600 fax, Modem fax speed will reach 14400.

five common faults: Modem can not dial or connect

if not installed correctly on your Modem, communication will not work. The following lists the authentication process of the communication Modem with Windows installed an incompatible driver files, could lead to COM port and Modem not working properly, it should first check if the correct Windows98 loaded file.

1. Testing existing communication file
(1) the System directory and SERIAL.VXD COMM.DRV Windows95 floppy disk or CD-ROM file with the original file to compare, check
check the file size and date is the same.
(2) confirm the System.ini file in the following lines: [boot] Comm.drv = Comm.drv [386enh] device =* vcd
(3) in the Run ini is also not associated with the
* VCD file. These files are built in at the VMM32.VXD.

2.
test the modem's configuration in the , click the option, set the maximum baud rate modem support, and click .

4.
check the correctness of the port in the br> listed port is correct. If not, please select the correct port, and then click > In the The port's current resource settings, see the modem's manual to find the correct settings in the modem conflicts with other devices, click the
COM3 ports use the same kind of IRQ, and in most computers can not use. COM2 and COM4 have the same problem. If possible, change the COM3 and IRQ settings
COM4 port, so they no longer conflict . In addition, there are some graphics card and COM4 port addresses conflict, the conflict if found, use the other ports, or replace your graphics adapter.

6.
test port settings in the and verification.

7. testing the modem baud rate
in the Then the wave
special rate is set to the correct rate.
Note: If you call the main system in the original set baud rate can not communicate, then reduce the baud rate sometimes may resolve the problem.
printer
in the office, the inkjet printer is then used in a more general one device. inkjet printers due to the use, maintenance, improper operation and other factors will often be some failures, how to address the concerns of the user. In this we put in the daily work and treatment of common faults summed up, we want to help.

a common fault: printing ink scarce, illegible handwriting processing, most of the fault is due to long outstanding printer or for other reasons, resulting in the ink delivery system disorders or nozzle clogging.

exclusion: If the nozzle clogging is not very powerful, then the implementation of the printer directly to the cleaning operation. If there is no after repeated washing effect, you can win the cartridge (one for non-printer cartridge nozzle, the nozzle need to win, but the need to carefully), put the nozzle in warm water soak for a while, attention must not be part of the circuit board is also immersed in water, otherwise consequences would be disastrous, stained with absorbent paper to take away the water droplets, and then washed several times fitted with nozzles on it.

Fault Two: Replace the new cartridge, the printer on the panel in the boot First, there may be a good cartridge is not installed, the other may be won in the off state their own old cartridge, replace with a new cartridge. as to replace the print cartridge, printer ink will charge the ink delivery system, and this process can not be turned off, so the printer can not detect the re-install the cartridges. In addition, some printer ink capacity of the measurement is the use of electronic counters inside the printer to the count (especially in the color ink usage statistically), when the counter reaches a certain value, the printer ink to determine exhausted. and in the process of replacement ink cartridges, the printer will carry out its internal reset the electronic counter, thus confirming the installation of a new cartridge.

Solution: Turn on the power, the print head moves to the cartridge replacement position. the ink cartridges installed, get the printer to charge the ink, the ink filling process is finished, troubleshooting.

three common faults: soft plug nozzle Treatment

soft head plug plug means that for various reasons on the viscosity of the ink in the nozzle due to break bigger fault. general use original ink cartridges can be restored after repeated washing, but a waste of ink this way. The easiest way is to use your hands to the head of empty cartridge cleaning. with an empty cartridge cleaning before it gets inside the cartridge with a needle out of the residual ink as possible, the cleaner the better, then add cleaned liquid (parts commercially available). filling cleaning fluid should be conducted in a clean environment, will add a good cleaning fluid cartridge according to the normal operation of the printer on the machine, and constantly cleaning the printer button at its cleaning. using ink cartridges the residual ink and light colors mixed cleaning fluid to print the test, the normal cartridge can then put on a good use.

Troubleshooting four: Clean the pump nozzle in the printer troubleshooting printer cleaning

Something is wrong with the pump nozzle is more, and it is one of the main factors causing plug. printer on the print head nozzle cleaning pumps play a decisive role in the protection. Sprinklers car back to the bit, to clean the pump by the mouth of the exhaust nozzle to the weak treatment of the nozzle seal protection. install a new cartridge in the printer or the nozzles are disconnected, the machine's suction pump to the bottom nozzle for exhaust through it, the higher the precision of this work mouths as possible. but in actual use, it performance and air tightness due to time, the dust and ink residues in the mouth of the coagulum increases. If the user is not on its regular inspection or cleaning, it will keep your print head out of some trouble. < br>
conservation of this part of the method: Remove the printer's top cover away car, using a needle wash them inhaling pure water, in particular, embedded within the pores of the mouth to fully clean the gasket. In particular, this should alert the user to clean the parts, do not use ethanol or methanol to clean them, this will cause this component dissolved in the mosaic of the porous gasket deformation. The other thing to mention is that inkjet printers should be kept away from the heat and dusty work environment, only a good working environment to ensure the normal use of the machine a long time.

five common faults: normal and printing ink line detection precision of the treatment was worse in the use of inkjet printers

will result in the use of the frequency and accuracy of time and print gradually worse. inkjet print head is also a life. the general head of a new life from the beginning to the end use, if you could not see any fault more smoothly, that is, 20 -40 months the amount of ink life. If your printer has been in use for a long time, and now worse precision of printing, you can use the method replace the ink cartridges to try, if for a few cartridges, print output results are the same, then the this printer you will have to replace the nozzle. If there is a change after the replacement ink cartridges, ink cartridges that you may have used poor quality non-original ink.

If the printer is new, the result can not make the print your satisfaction, often the print line is not clear, text skew graphics, text, graphics outside the boundaries blurred, print out the ink control synchronization accuracy, which means you may buy a fake ink cartridges or use non-original products, should be its immediate replacement.

Fault six: walking car handling

dislocation meet inkjet printer is a walking track car alloy of copper powder by the two sets of round steel shaft with a combination of precision slide completed. While walking there is a small car designed and installed to supplement the shaft lubricating oil Felt, but the environment we live in the dust everywhere, a long time, due to air oxidation, dust and damage the surface of the lubrication of the shaft Oil aging failure, then if it continues to use the printer, will be due to shaft friction increases with the copper sleeve dislocation caused by car travel, can not be used until the collision caused the front.

solution is: if there This failure should immediately turn off the printer, will not return to place his hands back into the car parking spaces. to find a small piece of sponge or felt, full of oil dipped on the sewing machine oil, tweezers grip rub back and forth on the spindle. The best the spindle is removed, wash oil, which was the best.

meet another car because of damage caused by the device. the printer on top of car parking spaces have a photoelectric sensor, which is to print printer board provides an important component car reset signal. This component is too large or damaged due to dust if the printer can not find the car back to the signal due to hit the front, which led to not use the general out of the failure to replace the device.
display
Display in a long time, a variety of small problems will follow. experts believe that these small problems to solve is actually very simple, with a pair of eyes can see where the failures.

a common fault: just getting on the computer screen of machine shake so badly, and sometimes even the icons and text are not clear, but after twelve minutes and then will return to normal.

this phenomenon occurred in wet weather, damp inside the monitor's sake. To solve this problem, use damp sand in the food packaging to string together with cotton thread, and then open the back cover of the monitor will hang in the CRT tube sand moisture neck near the rear seat near the tube. Thus, even in wet weather, it will not appear above the , darkness. to wait several minutes to appear on the screen.
seat tube leakage is due to be replaced sockets. open the back cover to see the end of the tube a small circuit board, tube socket on the solder on the circuit board
. carefully unplug this circuit board, and then welded pipe under the seat, to the electronics store to buy back a seat the same tube, tube socket weld and then returned to the circuit board. Then Do not rush back to the circuit board mounted to first find a small piece of sandpaper, very carefully, after the end of the tube protruding pin wipe clean with sandpaper. In particular, pay attention to pin on the oxide layer, if not polished clean and will soon relapse. the board back together and you're done.

Fault Three: there is always lingering on the monitor screen clutter interference or lines, and the speaker also has unpleasant noise.

This phenomenon is mostly caused by poor power supply interference. If too lazy to get involved, you can replace a new power supply. If there is enough hands to
power, you can also try their own replacement power the filter capacitor, which often can be effective; if the result is not obvious, you can switch to be replaced
.

four common faults: display Huaping.

graphics on this issue is caused by more. If it is new for the graphics card, the card may be of poor quality or incompatible, then there is not installed correctly driver. If the old card and added memory, then there may be new graphics and added to the original model parameters vary due to memory.

five common faults: display a black screen. < br>
graphics card if it is damaged or broken monitors and other causes no signal sent to the display, the display will stop flashing lights did not receive prompt signal. If the resolution is set too high, more than the maximum display resolution will also appear black, severe destruction of the monitor, but now the display has a protective function, when the resolution exceeds the set value is automatically protected. In addition, conflicts can also cause black hardware.


display jitter causes



monitor refresh rate is set too low

set when the monitor refresh rate below 75Hz, the screen often appears jitter, flicker, appropriate to increase the refresh rate, such as set above 85Hz, the screen will not shake the phenomenon generally occurs.

power transformer from the display and the chassis too close to the

work will cause the power transformer large electromagnetic interference, resulting in screen jitter. the power transformer on the chassis and the monitor away from the place where the problem can be solved.

bad power supply or power supply has many no-name aging

components used in computer power workmanship, materials used are very poor, could easily lead to poor or the computer's power supply capacity can not keep up the circuit, when the system is busy, the display screen will appear in particular the phenomenon of jitter. computer's power supply when the starting age , are likely to cause the same problem.

get away from the monitor speaker placed too close to the magnetic field effect

speakers will interfere with the normal operation of the monitor so that the display screen jitter and cross color generated magnetic interference, etc. .

virus trouble

some computer viruses will disrupt the display, such as: the character upside down, shake the screen, graphics, flip display. jitter screen everywhere online script, enough to make you After the first big move as a bull.



bad graphics card graphics card re-inserted after the failure get excluded.

WIN95/98 system write cache after the cause < br>
such as belonging to this reason, in the Control Panel - System - Performance - File System - Troubleshooting disable all drives in write-caching, allowing the problem to be solved.

power supply filter capacitor damage

open the case, if you see the power filter capacitor (on the board that heads the largest capacitance) at the top of muster, then it shows bad capacitor, the screen jitter caused by power failure. changed After the capacitor, you can solve the problem.
a common fault recorder
: Installation can not start the computer after burner

first cut off the computer power supply, check the IDE cable to open the case cover is fully inserted, and to ensure that PIN-1 position of the pins connected correctly. If the recorder with other IDE devices share one IDE cable, ensure that two devices can not be set to can be a setting for adequate environmental conditions such as burning, but can not burn the disc to be tested if there are problems, and writer laser power and disc read-write head matches and so on. In view of this, that , indicating recorder and blank disc compatibility is not good, the following two methods can be used to re-try it:
1. lower burner write speed, 2X recommended the following;
2. replace another brand of blank disc to burn operation. there's another reason why this phenomenon is the phenomenon of laser power attenuation caused by read-write head, and if you use the same brand of disc burning, the first time were normal, then it is power loss may be related with the read-write head can be sent to the relevant vendor maintenance.

Fault Three: Can not copy the game CD

some large commercial software or game software, in the production process,